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BEHP 5000 (FIT BCBA) > Unit 3 > Flashcards

Unit 3 Flashcards

1
Q

Discovered the law of effect

A

Thorndike

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2
Q

The law of effect stated

A

Organisms learn through the consequences of their actions

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3
Q

Experimental analysis of bx

A

B. F. Skinner

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4
Q

Discovered many principles of operant conditioning.

A

B. F. Skinner

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5
Q

Radical behaviorism

A

B. F. Skinner

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6
Q

Verbal behavior

A

B. F. Skinner

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7
Q

Private events

A

B. F. Skinner

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8
Q

Wrote behavior of organisms

A

B. F. Skinner

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9
Q

Wrote walden two

A

B. F. Skinner

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10
Q

It is a descriptive term and NOT an explanation

A

Reinforcement

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11
Q

Contingency btw the response and the consequence must exist

A

Reinforcement

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12
Q

Environmental change that must happen immediately after the response

A

Reinforcement

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13
Q

Environmental change which follows a response and decreases the future frequency of that behavior

A

Punishment

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14
Q

An environmental change in which a stimulus is added or magnified following a response, which increases or maintains the future occurrence of that behavior

A

Positive reinforcement

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15
Q

A stimulus that when presented following a response increases or maintains the future frequency of that behavior. Includes tangibles, attention, and activities

A

Positive reinforcer

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16
Q

What is reinforcing at one time for an organism may not be reinforcing at other times (depends on establishing/motivating operations

A

Reinforcer shift

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17
Q

The value of a reinforcer depends on __________ ________ that are available for the same behavior and for competing behaviors

A

Competing reinforcers

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18
Q

The reinforcer may effectively reinforce one response and not reinforce a different response. The amount of ______ involved in responding is often a determining factor.

A

Effort

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19
Q

If the opportunity to engage in a preferred or high probability behavior is made contingent on engaging in a less preferred bx, the future frequency of the less preferred bx will increase.

A

Premack principle

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20
Q

A stimulus that is usually reinforcing without any prior learning, due to phylogenic provenance
Primary reinforcers – ie food water sex

A

Unconditioned reinforcer

S^R+ or S^R-

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21
Q

A-B-C
S-R-S
S-R-C

A

operant conditioning

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22
Q

acts on the environment and results from movements of the skeletal frame (striated muscles)

A

operant behavior

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23
Q

stimulus or event that occurs after a response

A

consequence

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24
Q

environmental change which follows a response and increases or maintains the future frequency of that behavior

A

reinforcement

25
Q

consequence reinforces responses NOT organisms

A

reinforcement

26
Q

a stimulus that initially has no innate reinforcing properties, but acquires reinforcing properties through pairing with unconditioned reinforcers or strongly conditioned reinforcers

A

conditioned reinforcer

Sr+ or Sr-

27
Q

a conditioned reinforcer that has been paired with a variety of other reinforcers and which is effective for a wide range of behaviors

A

generalized conditioned reinforcers

28
Q

less susceptible to the effects of deprivation and satiation. EX: praise, money, tokens

A

generalized conditioned reinforcers

29
Q

an environmental change in which a stimulus is subtracted (removed/attenuated following a response, which increases or maintains future frequency of that behavior

An irritant/aversive antecedent condition must exist!!

A

Negative Reinforcement

30
Q

a bx that terminates an aversive stimulus; thus it is maintained by negative reinforcement

A

escape

31
Q

terminates or delays a warning stimulus (a conditioned aversive stimulus whose presence is correlate with the upcoming onset of an unconditioned aversive stimulus)

A

avoidance

32
Q

attn, edibles given by someone else, tangibles given by someone else, given access to a preferred activity

A

socially-mediated positive reinforcement

33
Q

escape from task, having to comply with request, setting, people

A

socially-mediated negative reinforcement

34
Q

self access to edibles, tangibles, access to preferred activity, proprioceptive feedback

A

automatic positive reinforcement

35
Q

escape from pain/discomfort, escape from task, having to comply with request, setting, people

A

automatic negative reinforcement

36
Q

the process by which a previously reinforced behavior is weakened by withholding reinforcement

A

operant extinction

37
Q

an environmental change in which a stimulus is added (presented) or magnified following a response, which decreases the future frequency of that bx

A

positive punishment

38
Q

a stimulus that when presented following a response decreases the future frequency of that behavior

A

positive punisher

39
Q

a stimulus that usually is punishing without any prior learning; that is, due to phylogenic provenance

A

unconditioned punisher

40
Q

a stimulus that initially has no punishing properties, but acquires them through pairing with unconditioned punishers; that is due to ontongenic provenance

A

Conditioned punisher

41
Q

an environmental change in which a stimulus is subtracted (withdrawn, removed) or attenuated following a response, which decreases the future frequency of that behavior (appetitive condition whose removal would be punishing has to exist)

A

negative punishment

42
Q

a type of negative punishment procedure in which a response starts a timer; while the time is running; the organism cannot access reinforcers

A

time-out form positive reinforcement

43
Q

the process by which a previously punished behavior is strengthened by withholding punishment

A

recovery from punishment

44
Q

consists of two operations: reinforcement and extinction (not reinforcing)

A

differential reinforcement

45
Q

reinforce some responses and not reinforcing and other responses. leads to differentiation.

A

differential reinforcement

46
Q

consists of reinforcing a response when certain stimuli are present and not reinforcing the the same response wen those stimuli are not present

A

discrimination

47
Q

S-R-S contingency that leads to differentiation (different stimuli)

A

discrimination

48
Q

the differential reinforcement of successive approximation to a target behavior

A

shaping

49
Q

leads to differentiation and is used to establish a novel topography or dimension fo a behavior

A

shaping

50
Q

when a behavior is no longer reinforced, it will immediately and temporarily increase in frequency, duration, and intensity before it decreases

A

extinction burst

51
Q

the reinforcer is withheld (not presented)

A

extinction of behavior maintained through positive reinforcement

52
Q

the aversive antecedent stimulus is NOT withdrawn (not terminated or removed)

A

extinction of behavior maintained through negative reinforcement

53
Q

masking the sensory consequences of the bx (padding the table for head banging)

A

sensory extinction

54
Q

the procedure of non-reinforcement of a previously reinforced behavior

A

extinction

55
Q

the process in which, when an operant behavior has ceased following extinction, the behavior may reoccur at a later time in the same circumstance in which it was previously reinforced

A

spontaneous recovery

56
Q

reinforcement works without any need for verbal-mediation

A

automaticity of reinforcement

57
Q

we cannot refer to hypothetical constructs such as expectancy, understanding, knowing, and awareness

A

automaticity or reinforcement

58
Q

an environmental change that follows a response which decreases the future frequency of that bx

A

punishment

BEHP 5000 (FIT BCBA) (8 decks)

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