Unit 3 Flashcards
percent of the adults smokers in 2013
18% national
21.9% indiana
numbers came from the centers for disease control
smoking is
the chief preventable cause of death in the US
nearly everyone knows smoking is harmful
why do 20% of US adults smoke?
social acceptability ignorance advertising relaxation handling instruments (having something to do with their hands) oral gratification decreases tension, anxiety, anger weight control family/friends smoke stimulation and increased energy habit does not impair performance like other drugs harmful effects then not to occur until it has been used for years
1 reason people smoke cigarettes
nicotine is an addictive drug
not all smokers become addicted
nicotine addiction= very powerful
affects 80-90% of smokers
how nicotine causes addiction
strong sensation of pleasure
lack of it causes discomfort (withdrawal)
stimulation craving long after withdrawal
symptoms disappear
major components of tobacco
nicotine
carbon monoxide
tar
nicotine
*psychoactive drug can cause physical dependence stimulant and depressant properties takes 7.5 seconds to reach the brain *does what the smoker needs- a stimulant and depressant helps with simple repetitive tasks
carbon monoxide
*most abundant gas in tobacco smoke
oxygen displacer- interfere with blood’s ability to carry oxygen
*smokers are “out of breath”
Tar
sticky, dark mixture
total of all solid material that is inhaled
irritate the respiratory tract (smokers cough)
Surgeon General’s Report (1964)
increases overall mortality among men
causes lung cancer
causes chronic bronchites
smoking= habitually (not additive)
surgeon General’s report (1989)
increases mortality and morbidity in men and women
casual association between many diseases
smoking=addiction
master settlement agreement (1999)
class action suit filed by all 50 states
recoup Medicaid $ for tobacco related costs
tobacco industry pay $246 billion
use $ for cessation and prevention efforts
cigarette smoking increases risk
heart disease
cancer
lung diseases
After you stop your body can restore itself
amount of deaths related to smoking in the US
1 in 5
lung cancer
risk= proportional to smoking amount and duration
rare in nonsmokers
former smokers reduce risk of lung cancer significantly (vs. when they were smoking)
effects on nonsmokers
involuntary/passive smoking
mainstream smoke
side stream smoke
involuntary/passive smoking
inhalation of air containing tobacco smoke by nonsmokers
mainstream smoke
smoke inhaled and then exhaled by smoker
sidestream smoke
smoke from burning end of a cigarette, pipe, or cigar
environmental tobacco smoke
tobacco smoke, regardless of its source, that stays within a common source of air
health concerns- passive/involuntary smoking
side stream smoke=85% of harmful substances
not filtered; more CO, CO2 and nicotine
some experts- smokers and nonsmokers exposed to same smoke
insufficient ventilation
eye irritation, nasal systems, headaches, cough, dislike oder
smoking regulations
restructions/bans
u.s. airline industry
children= increased risk for bronchitis, pneumonia, coughing, ear infections
partners/roommates= increased risk for heart attacks, cancer
e-cigarettes
no tobacco or smoke synthetic nicotine- higher than cigarettes sold to children FDA= potentially harmful- not sure banned on airplanes
nicotine withdrawal
symptoms=anxiety, irritability, anger, increased appetite, urges to smoke
W/D peaks 1st 1-2 days
longterm abstinence= enhanced self-esteem and increased sense of control