Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Health Science > Ch 7 making decisions about drug and alcohol use > Flashcards

Ch 7 making decisions about drug and alcohol use Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

drug

A

substance that kills germs

affects body function or sturcture

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

psychoactive drug

A
  • any substance capable of altering feelings, moods, or perceptions
  • sensory perceptions- thought processes behavior
  • Impaired judgement- say/do things that are not atypical
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

drug use

A

general term

describes drug-taking behavior

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Reasonable ingestion

A 
6 examples:
ritual use
ceremonial use
utilitarian use
medical use
social use
private/personal use
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

ritual use of drugs

A

purpose of sharing in a religious right

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

ceremonial use of drugs

A

participating in a social gesture/act prescribed by custom or etiquette

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Utilitarian use drugs

A

practical or pragmatic purpose

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

medical use of drugs

A

curing disease

controlling disease symptoms

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

social use of drugs

A

enhancing communication/relationships in social situations

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

private/personal use of drugs

A

purpose of pleasant changes of feelings, mood, or mind

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

uses of drugs are reasonable if

A

defined, beneficial purpose

contributes to a person’s well- being

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

chemical dependency

A

two components:
drug use can cause problems
person continues to use

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

drug misuse

A

inappropriate use of legal drugs intended to be medications

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

dependence

A

need to continue using a drug

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

psychological dependence

A 
craving
emotional reasons
maintain a sense of well-being
habituation
tendency to relapse
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

physiological dependence

A

body adapts to drugs if presence
cessation of drug use= withdrawal
withdrawal = consistent set of symptoms that appears after discontinuing drug use
addiction

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

process of addiction

A
  • exposure- feels good/replaces unpleasant feeling
  • compulsion-repeated exposure despite negative consequences; avoid withdrawal
  • loss of control- cannot control behavior; makes life worse
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

process of dependence

A
  • relief phase= escape
  • increased use phase= take greater quantities
  • preoccupation phase= constant concern, “normal behavior”
  • dependency phase= physical symptoms= dependence addiction
  • withdrawal phase= symptoms when abstinent
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

types of drug users

A

experimenters
compulsive
floaters/chippers

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

experimenters

A

initial stage of drug use

often use= recreational purposes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

compulsive users

A

insatiable (uncontrollable/constant) attraction to drugs
psychological dependence
inability to cope without using drugs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

4 principles of psychoactive drugs

A
  • drugs, per se, ate not good or bad (it is how we use them that is good/bad)
  • every drug has multiple effects
  • both the size and the quality of a drug’s effect depend on the amount the individual had taken
  • the effect of any psychoactive drug depends on the individual’s history and expectations
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

why can’t we stop drug abuse

A

supply and demand
substances will never disappear
we accept alcohol, tobacco, and caffeine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

why is drug abuse an important issue?

A 
wide spread use form 1960's- present
drugs are more potent now than in the past
drugs are commonplace
endangers the future if a society
use/dealing= major factor of a society
risk of injury= greater
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

people use drugs because

A 
drugs make them feel good
they may relieve stress or tension
peer pressure
they may enhance religious or mystical experiences
they relieve pain and symptoms
26
Q

Predisposing factors

A

enhancing susceptibility/likelihood of beginning a behavior
EX: experimentation of adolescence, personal psychological characteristics, curiosity, cope with stress, societal changes and conflicts, heredity

27
Q

enabling factors

A

facilitate or make possible drug use

EX: availability, accessibility, social norms, drug effects, enabling

28
Q

reinforcing factiors

A

encourage beginning or repetition of a behavior

EX: pleasant experience, functional aspects, social/peer group influence and approval, advertising/media

29
Q

categories of drinkers

A 
not all drivers if into one category
persons may display more than one patter in their lifetime
abstainers
social drinkers
problem drinkers
30
Q

abstainers

A

about 1/3 of US adults

reason for abstaining form alcohol can vary greatly

31
Q

social drinkers

A

majority of drinkers
no serious consequences
cessation of alcohol use is not a problem

32
Q

problem drinkers

A

continued use despite social work, psychological, or physical problems related to drinking
drink in dangerous situations
adverse effects from single bouts of drinking or effects of persistent alcohol use

33
Q

alcoholics

A

physical and psychological dependence impede ability to control drinking behavior

34
Q

causes of alcoholism

A

genetics, environmental

35
Q

genetics

A

adoption study was held

genetic predisposition does not mean predestination, but does increase likelihood

36
Q

environmental

A 
cultural and group nobs
peer influences
expectancies about alcohol effec-ts
family influences
reinforcing anxiety-reducing effects
37
Q

type 1 alcoholics

A

complex interplay between genetics and environmental influences
onset after age 25
drinking pattern= guilt and loss of control over drinking, can abstain for a time
personality is anxious, shy, pessimistic, novelty seeking, reward dependence

38
Q

type 2 alcoholics

A

high genetic connection between father and son
minor environmental association
sunsets before 25
aggressive behavior, quick to anger, frequent lights
frequent alcohol consumption

39
Q

Jelinek’s categories of alcoholism

A

the greek alphabet categories

40
Q

alpha alcoholism

A

psychological reliance on alcohol to relieve physical and psychological pain
problem drinking

41
Q

beta alcoholism

A

social dependence on alcohol
no dependence
no withdrawal symptoms
unhealthy drinking

42
Q

gamma alcoholism

A 
emotional and psychological impairment
psychological and physical dependence
loss of control
withdrawal symptoms
most prevalent form of alcoholism in America
43
Q

delta alcoholism

A

maintenance drinker
cannot abstain for even a day or two
they are impaired, but never freak during their waking hours

44
Q

epsilon alcoholism

A

binge drinker
loss of control over amount consumed
physical and psychological dependence

45
Q

zeta alcoholism

A

moderate drinker who pecans abusive and violent

may not be addicted to alcohol

46
Q

alcoholism: the disease

A 
primary
chronic
disease
progressive
fatal
impaired control
advers consequences
denial
47
Q

intoxication

A

dysfunctional and disruptive changes in physiological and psychologic functioning, mood, and cognitive processes resulting from the consumption of a psychoactive substances

48
Q

cross-tolerance

A

transfer of tolerance form one drug to another within the same general category

49
Q

process addictions

A

addictions in which people compulsively engage in behaviors such as gambling, shopping, gaming, or sexual activity to such an extreme degree that these addictions cause serious financial, emotional, social, and health problems similar to those resulting from drug and alcohol addictions

50
Q

dose-response curve

A

the size of the effect of a drug on the body related to the amount of the drug administered

51
Q

threshold dose

A

the least amount of a drug the have an observable effect on the body

52
Q

stimulants

A

psychoactive drugs that stimulate the function of the central nervous system

53
Q

narcolepsy

A

a sleep disorder in which a person had a recurrent, overwhelming, and uncontrollable desire to sleep

54
Q

ADHD

A

above-normal rate of physical movement; often accompanied by an inability to concentrate on a specified task; also called hyperactivity

55
Q

hallucinogens

A

psychoactive drugs capable of producing hallucinations

56
Q

FDA Schedule 1

A

a list of drugs that have a high potential for abuse but no medical use

57
Q

metabolite

A

a breakdown product of a drug

58
Q

amotivational syndrome

A

behavioral pattern characterized by lack of interest in productive activities

59
Q

narcotics

A

opiates; psychoactive drugs derived from the oriental poppy plant. relieve pain and induce sleep

60
Q

shock

A

profound collapse of many vital body functions; evident during acute alcohol intoxication and other health emergencies

Health Science (10 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions