Unit 3: 3-1 and 3-2

Question 1

What type of reproduction involves making 2 genetically identical cells (DNA)

Answer 1

Asexual reproduction

Question 2

What are the 4 steps in asexual reproduction in prokaryotes?

Answer 2

1) DNA attached to the cell membrane. Prokaryotic parent cell initiates replication.
2) DNA replication, copy of the cell’s DNA is created.
3) Binary fission. Cell elongates and cross wall forms.
4) Creation of 2 genetically identical cells. New wall forms completely and daughter cells seperate.

Question 3

What is the primary method of asexual reproduction in prokaryotes?

Answer 3

binary fission

Question 4

Only ____ reproduce by binary fission

Answer 4

prokaryotes

Question 5

What type of cell goes through mitosis to create 2 genetically identical cells?

Answer 5

eukaryotes

Question 6

What does DNA stand for?

Answer 6

Deoxyribose Nucleic Acid

Question 7

Is DNA a polymer or monomer?

Answer 7

polymer

Question 8

Is a nucleotide a polymer or monomer?

Answer 8

monomer

Question 9

What are the 4 types of nitrogenous bases?

Answer 9

A,C,T,G

Question 10

What three things make up a nucleotide?

Answer 10

a nitrogenous base, a phosphate group, a sugar (deoxyribose for DNA, and ribose for RNA)

Question 11

The sugar in a nucleotide for RNA is _____

Answer 11

ribose

Question 12

The sugar in a nucleotide for DNA is _______

Answer 12

deoxyribose

Question 13

DNA backbones are ______

Answer 13

antiparallel

Question 14

What are the two purines in DNA?

Answer 14

adenine (A) and guanine (G)

Question 15

What are the two pyrimidines in DNA?

Answer 15

Thymine (T) and cytosine (C)

Question 16

How many hydrogen bonds do A & T have?

Answer 16

two hydrogen bonds

Question 17

How many hydrogen bonds do G & C have?

Answer 17

three hydrogen bonds

Question 18

DNA replication requires what three things?

Answer 18

1. Something to copy (template).
   *Parental (original) double-stranded DNA molecule.
2. Something to do the copying.
   *Enzymes
3. Building blocks to make new DNA
   *Nucleotides

Question 19

What is the “template” in DNA replication?

Answer 19

the parental double-stranded DNA molecule

Question 20

What does the copying in DNA replication?

Answer 20

enzymes

Question 21

What are the building blocks to make new DNA?

Answer 21

nucleotides

Question 22

What are the two rules for DNA replication?

Answer 22

1. No de novo synthesis: DNA can’t start from nothing.
2. Always add to the 3’ end

Question 23

3’ stands for ____ ____

Answer 23

three prime

Question 24

5’ stands for ____ _____

Answer 24

five prime

Question 25

In RNA there is no T nitrogenous base, instead there is ___

Answer 25

U

Question 26

-ase

Answer 26

enzyme

Question 27

-ose

Answer 27

sugar

Question 28

in DNA A corresponds with

Answer 28

T

Question 29

in DNA T corresponds with

Answer 29

A

Question 30

In DNA C corresponds with

Answer 30

G

Question 31

In DNA G corresponds with

Answer 31

C

Question 32

What is a polymer?

Answer 32

More complex. Made up of many monomers

Question 33

What is a monomer?

Answer 33

the building blocks of polymers. They are less complex.