unit 3 Flashcards
food security
is the ability of human population to access food of sufficient quality and quantity
sustainable food production
food production must be sustainable and not degrade natural resources on which agriculture depends
what absorbed light energy
photosynthetic pigments
what do pants depend on for food production
photosynthesis and plant growth
field trials
are controlled experiments carried out in a range of environments to compare performances of different cultivar/treatment and to evaluate GM crop
inbreeding depression
there is an accumulation of deleterious, homozygous, recessive alleles
what does cross breeding tend to
new alleles are reproduced
annual weeds characteristics
rapid growth
short life cycle
long term seed viability
high seed output
perennial weed characteristics
storage organs
vegetative reproduction
herbicides kill what
weeds
fungicides kill what
parasites
molluscicides kills what
mollusc pests
nematides kill what
pests
selective herbicide
these have a greater affect on certain plant species
systematic herbicides
spread through the vascular system of plant and prevents regrowth
biomagnification
an increase in the concentration of a chemical moving between trophic levels
biological control
uses natural predators to kill pests
integrated pest management
is a combo of chemical, biological, cultural control method to protect crops
stereotypy behaviour
repetitive, persistent behaviour without any obvious function
misdirected behaviour
when a normal behaviour is directed to itself/environment/others
apathy
low levels of activity
hysteria
high levels of activity
altruism
when an individual benefits in a way where its detrimental to itself (the donor) but beneficial to another ( recipient)
ritualistic displays
is when two social primates are competing for the same resource
appeasement behaviours
such as grooming, body posture, facial expressions, sexual presentation
genetic diversity
the number and frequency of all alleles within a population
species richness
the number of different species in an ecosystem
relative abundance
the proportion of each species in the ecosystem
ecosystem diversity
refers to the number of distinct ecosystems within a defined area
over exploitation
this is the rate of resources being used faster than they can be replaced
introduced species
humans move species to a new geographical allocation
naturalised
species become established
invasive
species spread rapidly and eliminate native species
