Unit 3 Flashcards
What are typical subjects in Mexican photography?
Local scenes, ordinary urban scenes, and traditional religious practices among rural people.
Who is Nacho Lopez?
A photographer who depicted everyday life in Mexico City.
How did Nacho Lopez pose his subjects?
He would sometimes pose them to create a humorous or poignant effect.
What perspective did Nacho Lopez have on the poor in his photography?
He presented the poor as animated, capable actors in their own realm, not as victims.
What did Nacho Lopez believe about photojournalism?
He believed it was the most expressive form of photography.
What was Nacho Lopez’s distaste in photography?
He had a distaste for photographers who pursued picturesque subjects.
What is the title and year of Nacho Lopez’s notable work?
Nacho Lopez, Campesino, 1949.
What is Magnum Photos?
A cooperative photographic agency founded in 1947 by Henri-Cartier Bresson, Robert Capa, David “Chim” Seymour, and George Rodger.
What was the goal of Magnum Photos?
To gain more editorial control over their pictures.
What was Magnum Photos’ first project?
A project for the Ladies Home Journal for the monthly photo-essays titled “People are People the World Over.”
What did Magnum Photos focus on in their work?
Photography that would contribute to human betterment.
What is ‘The Family of Man’?
‘The Family of Man’ is a photography exhibition organized by Edward Steichen for the Museum of Modern Art in 1955.
What theme did ‘The Family of Man’ emphasize?
‘The Family of Man’ emphasized the theme of common humanity against the destructive effects of political polarization and divisiveness.
How was ‘The Family of Man’ received by the public?
‘The Family of Man’ was enthusiastically received by the public, who were ready to affirm the goodness of mankind after WWII.
How many countries did ‘The Family of Man’ travel to?
‘The Family of Man’ traveled to over 30 countries.
How many people saw ‘The Family of Man’ exhibition?
‘The Family of Man’ was seen by 9 million people.
When did ‘The Family of Man’ exhibition take place?
‘The Family of Man’ exhibition took place from January 24 to May 8, 1955.
What did Graciela Iturbide focus on in her photography?
She focuses on the adaptation of traditional life to the modern world.
How does Graciela Iturbide portray cultural identity?
She does not mourn the loss of cultural identity or romanticize severe poverty.
What is the depiction of indigenous Mexican peoples in Iturbide’s work?
She portrays them as constantly in flux and accommodating to change.
What was the title of Graciela Iturbide’s work in 1979?
Woman Angel, Sonora Desert, Mexico, 1979
What type of subjects did Graciela Iturbide begin her career photographing?
She began her career photographing indigenous and rural peoples.
Who was Manuel Alvarez Bravo?
The most influential photographer in Mexico during the second half of the 20th century.
Which photographers studied with Manuel Alvarez Bravo?
Nacho Lopez and Graciela Iturbide.
What notable exhibition included three of Bravo’s images?
“Family of Man” exhibition.
What themes does Manuel Alvarez Bravo often allude to in his work?
Ancient myth, folklore, ritual, fecundity, and death.
What artistic movement influenced Manuel Alvarez Bravo?
Surrealism.
What is the title of Manuel Alvarez Bravo’s work created between 1938 and 1939?
La Buena Fame (Good Reputation Sleeping).
Who is Seydou Keita?
A photographer from Mali known for his unique portrait style.
What was Seydou Keita’s studio location?
Mali.
How did Seydou Keita’s portraits differ from traditional Western portraits?
He infused them with African qualities.
What types of subjects did Seydou Keita photograph?
Government officials, shopeekers, politicians, and socialites.
In which city did Seydou Keita primarily work?
Bamako.
What was significant about Bamako during Seydou Keita’s work?
The city was undergoing urbanization.
How did Seydou Keita’s approach to photography differ from anthropological photographs?
His subjects collaborated to create an image of lively, confident town life.
What was the initial focus of press photography in South Africa?
Press photography was reserved for white practitioners.
What was Drum magazine originally founded for?
Drum magazine was founded as an entertainment magazine for city-dwelling black folks.
How did Drum magazine evolve over time?
It was reformulated to feature young writers and photographers.
What did the featured photographers in Drum magazine depict?
They pictured life under apartheid, the policy of racial separation in South Africa formalized in 1948.
When was apartheid formalized in South Africa?
Apartheid was formalized in 1948 and regulated with increasingly severe laws throughout the 1950s.
What was unique about Raghubir Singh’s start in photography?
Unlike many other non-Western photographers, Singh began his career in color photojournalism.
Which prominent publications featured Raghubir Singh’s images?
He provided images to National Geographic & The New York Times.
What type of photographic works did Raghubir Singh create?
He made photographic books based on different regions in India.
What is one of Raghubir Singh’s notable works?
Raghubir Singh, Shiva Temple, Jahngira, 198.
Who was Yosuke Yamahata?
A photographer sent by the Japanese military to Nagasaki to document the aftermath of the atomic bomb.
What did Yosuke Yamahata accomplish in Nagasaki?
He photographed the devastation for one day and produced 119 photographs, creating the largest archive of images from an atomic bomb site.
What health issue did Yosuke Yamahata face later in life?
He suffered from severe radiation exposure, which likely contributed to his early death from cancer.
How was Yosuke Yamahata’s work recognized?
His image was used by Edward Steichen in the ‘Family of Man’ exhibit.
What is the title of one of Yosuke Yamahata’s works?
‘A Boy with a Rice Ball, from Atomotized Nagasaki, 1952, Gelatin Silver Print.’
Who is Ken Domon?
Ken Domon was a photographer known for documenting the survivors of the Hiroshima blast.
What is the title of Ken Domon’s book published in 1958?
The title of the book is ‘Hiroshima’.
What does Ken Domon’s book ‘Hiroshima’ document?
It documents the survivors of the Hiroshima blast.
What group did Ken Domon co-found in 1950?
He co-founded the Shudan Photo Group.
What was the Shudan Photo Group’s stance on prewar photography?
The group renounced prewar Pictorialist prettiness and extreme self-expression.
What is the significance of Ken Domon’s work ‘Hiroshima: The Marriage of A-Bomb Victims’?
It is a gelatin silver print created in 1957.
What was the purpose of the First Colloquium of Latin American Photography?
To counteract simplistic and derogatory depictions by foreigners and to affirm the multicultural character of Latin America.
What were the results of the First Colloquium of Latin American Photography?
It brought attention and prominence to Latin American photography, leading to increased activity among photographers in Bolivia, Brazil, Chile, Cuba, Guatemala, and Venezuela.
What did Pre-Columbian peoples symbolize in the context of the colloquium?
They symbolized existence before colonization and represented resistance.
Who organized the event ‘Hecho en Latinoamerica’?
Raquel Tibol organized the event hoping to unite a political vanguard with an artistic avant-garde.
What is a notable work associated with Claudia Andujar?
Claudia Andujar’s work includes ‘Yanomami Youth During a Traditional Reahu Festival’ from 1978.
What was the sentiment in Central and South America towards the United States in the post-war period?
Many individuals resented the influence of the United States - culturally, politically, and economically.
What did individuals in Central and South America desire to forge?
A distinctive Latin American identity in the arts and photography.
What type of photographic practices were of interest in Central and South America?
A wide range of photographic practices, particularly photojournalism.
Who primarily photographed Central and South America for publications abroad?
It was mostly foreign photographers who were sent to photograph the area.
Who is the photographer of the famous image of Che Guevara?
Alberto Korda, Che Guevara, 1960.
What did Aaron Siskind shift his focus from?
He shifted his focus from social documentary to abstract photography.
What are the characteristics of Aaron Siskind’s photography?
He emphasized abstract qualities in nature and built environments.
What type of sites did Siskind photograph?
Sites where humans had left their mark, but were not present.
What narrative elements did Siskind eliminate from his work?
He eliminated narrative content.
What perspective technique did Siskind use?
He flattened perspective.
Who influenced Aaron Siskind’s work?
He was influenced by Abstract Expressionist painters.
What did Siskind explore through his photography?
He explored the inner world of his emotions and experiences.
What is the title and medium of Siskind’s 1949 work?
Aaron Siskind, Jerome, Arizona, 1949, Gelatin Silver Print.
Who is Minor White?
Minor White was a photographer known for his expressive images that reflect the self.
What does Minor White mean by ‘expressive’ images?
‘Expressive’ images are direct mirrors of oneself, as opposed to ‘creative’ images which are altered to affect others.
What did Minor White believe about the visual world?
He believed the visual world was a form of spiritual illumination.
What were Minor White’s interests?
He had a deep interest in poetry, myth, religion, and psychological theory.
How did Minor White often work with his images?
He often worked in sequences of images.
What is the title of Minor White’s work mentioned?
The work mentioned is ‘Empty Head’ from the sequence ‘Sound of One Hand Clapping’, created in 1962.
What type of print is ‘Empty Head’?
‘Empty Head’ is a Gelatin Silver Print.
Who is Jerry Uelsmann?
Jerry Uelsmann is an artist known for using highly precise combination printing techniques to invent alternative worlds.
What themes does Jerry Uelsmann explore in his work?
His work explores ‘the darker side’ of himself and is influenced by Surrealism.
Who was Jerry Uelsmann a student of?
Jerry Uelsmann was a student of Minor White.
What is a notable artwork by Jerry Uelsmann?
A notable artwork is ‘Untitled (Landscape with a floating tree)’, created in 1969.
Who is Robert Frank?
Swiss-born photographer who traveled and photographed around the United States.
What did Robert Frank’s photography protest against?
Protest against numbing mass culture, materialism, and social conformity.
How did Robert Frank view the American tradition?
Assailed the deeply rooted American tradition of rural innocence and integrity, and prophesied the coming of shabby morality and self-delusion to the American heartland.
What did Robert Frank transform symbols of postwar American prosperity into?
Transformed symbols of postwar American prosperity (TVs, cars, etc.) to symbolize the alienation caused by commercialism.
What is notable about the subjects in Robert Frank’s series?
The subjects in the series seem stuck in one place - ‘The only mobile person…is the artist himself.’
What is a common characteristic of the people in Frank’s images?
People seldom make eye contact in his images.
What are the stylistic features of Robert Frank’s photography?
Gritty, tilted, blurred compositions.
What advantage did the 35mm camera provide Robert Frank?
Allowed him to take pictures quickly.
What is the narrative style of Robert Frank’s photography?
No clear visual narrative with fragmented ‘indecisive’ moments.
What is the title of Robert Frank’s notable work?
Robert Frank, Drug Store, Detroit, 1955, from The Americans, Gelatin Silver Print.
When did street photography become very popular?
Street photography became very popular in the postwar period.
What inspired photographers in street photography?
Photographers found inspiration in America’s shifting crowds.
What did street photography represent?
It represented the photographer’s inner feelings and/or the materialism of postwar culture.
Who made high contrast street photographs?
Harry Callahan made high contrast street photographs that appear tense and inhospitable.
What is an example of Harry Callahan’s work?
Harry Callahan, Chicago, 1961.
What is the Social Landscape?
A term derived from several exhibition titles referring to a style of photography indifferent to social reform, focusing on the qualities of camera vision.
What are the characteristics of the Social Landscape style?
It features neutral vision and disinterested irony.
Who influenced Lee Friedlander in his photography?
Lee Friedlander was influenced by Robert Frank’s ‘The Americans’.
What did Lee Friedlander do in relation to his photography?
He made several road trips around the United States.
How does Friedlander’s work hint at storytelling?
It often hints at a story, but rarely, if ever, more than hinted.
What element does Friedlander frequently include in his work?
He frequently includes his shadow or reflection as a reminder of camera vision and the photographic process.
What is a notable work by Lee Friedlander?
Lee Friedlander, New Orleans, 1968.
What significant event influenced Garry Winogrand’s 1964 road trip?
The assassination of President John F. Kennedy in 1963.
What does Garry Winogrand focus on in his photography?
Human gestures and body stances that indicate tension and inner turmoil.
How does Winogrand’s view of human nature manifest in his work?
Through abrupt cropping and tilted angles.
What is a notable work by Garry Winogrand from 1964?
American Legion Convention, Dallas, Texas, 1964, Gelatin Silver Print.
Who is Diane Arbus?
A photographer known for her work in New York City.
What was Diane Arbus’s approach to normalcy?
She turned normalcy on its head, making the ordinary seem bizarre.
What themes did Diane Arbus focus on in her photography?
She focused on psychic emptiness and damage.
Who did Diane Arbus often photograph?
Marginalized individuals, who became symbols of her own psychological fragility and trauma.
What is one of Diane Arbus’s notable works?
Child with Toy Hand Grenade, 1962.
Who is Danny Lyon?
Danny Lyon is a photographer known for documenting his time as a member of the Outlaws motorcycle club.
What motorcycle club did Danny Lyon photograph?
Danny Lyon photographed the Outlaws, a Midwestern motorcycle club.
How did Danny Lyon portray the Outlaws?
He presented them as young rebels living outside of middle-class social values.
What aspect of the Outlaws did Danny Lyon emphasize in his photography?
He showed their strong companionship.
What is the significance of the photograph taken by Danny Lyon in 1966?
The photograph titled ‘Cal, Eikhorn, Wisconsin, 1966’ captures a moment from his time with the Outlaws.
Who is Larry Clark?
Larry Clark is a photographer and author known for his work documenting drug users and youth culture.
What is the title of Larry Clark’s book published in 1971?
The title of Larry Clark’s book is ‘Tulsa’.
What is the main theme of ‘Tulsa’?
‘Tulsa’ is a first-hand account of Larry Clark’s time spent among drug users, many of whom were his friends.
What was the reaction to Larry Clark’s photographs?
His photographs received many negative reactions for implying that getting high is an appropriate response to the banal meaninglessness of American life.
How does Larry Clark’s work contrast with Depression-era photography?
Larry Clark’s work presents a stark contrast to the bright humanism of Depression-era photography.
What is the title of Larry Clark’s photograph from 1971?
The title of the photograph is ‘Accidental Gunshot Wound’.
What type of photographic process did Larry Clark use for ‘Accidental Gunshot Wound’?
‘Accidental Gunshot Wound’ was created using gelatin.
Who was Ernest Withers?
Ernest Withers was the first African-American police officer hired in Memphis, TN.
What other profession did Ernest Withers have?
He was also a photographer.
What significant event did Ernest Withers photograph in 1968?
He photographed the sanitation workers march in Memphis in 1968.
How are the individual identities of the marchers represented in Withers’ photographs?
The individual identities of the marchers are obscured by the repetition of signs.
What is the title of the photograph taken by Ernest Withers during the march?
The photograph is titled ‘Workers Assembling for a Solidarity March, Memphis, Tennessee, 1968.’
Who was Larry Burrows?
Larry Burrows was a photographer known for his work during the Vietnam War.
What was the focus of Larry Burrows’ photography?
He concentrated on the experience of individual soldiers.
What type of photography was Larry Burrows known for?
He worked in black and white but was most well known for his color photographs of the war.
