Unit 3 Flashcards
Demography
the branch of sociology that studies the characteristics of human populations
Census
a period count of the population
Population density
number of individuals per unit area
Population composition
structure of a population in terms of age, sex and other properties, education
Age-Sex Pyramid
graphic representation of a population showing the percentage of the total population by age and sex
Crude Birth Rate
the number of live births yearly per thousand people in a population
Crude Death Rate
The number of deaths per year per 1,000 people.
Infant Mortality Rate
the death rate during the first year of life
Total Fertility Rate
the number of children born to an average woman in a population during her entire reproductive life
Demographic transition
change in a population from high birth and death rates to low birth and death rates due to industrialization
Exponential Growth
growth pattern in which the individuals in a population reproduce at a constant rate
Linear Growth
Expansion that increases by the same amount during each time interval.
Natural Increase
Crude death rate subtracted from crude birth rate
Population Explosion
the rapid growth of the world’s human population during the past century
Nomadism
movement among a definite set of places
Seasonal Movement
Movements that are taken based on a seasonal basis
Migration
the movement of organisms from one population to another
Emigration
migration from a population
Immigration
Migration into the population
Refugee
an exile who flees for safety
Immigration Laws
laws and regulations of a state designed specifically to control immigration into the state
Negative Population Growth
the actual decline in population due to less than replacement births or extensive diseases
Population Momentum
Continued growth of a population due to a high number of individuals at child bearing age
Doubling Time
The amount of time it takes for a population to double in size. Calculated by TD = 70/r (%)
