Unit #3 Flashcards
evolution
Define evolution
A change in a species or population over time.
Define natural selection
Organisms with a certain trait will outlive and reproduce to pass on to future generations.
Name three vestigial organs
Extra finger, Appendix, and wisdom teeth.
Convergent vs Divergent evolution
Convergent is like the Sugar glider and flying squirrel, different but starting to evolve similarly for the same purpose.
Divergent is like the Capybara and Beaver, used to be a same species but growing apart and becoming more different.
Analogous vs Homologous structures
-Homologous means they came from the same ancestor and have similar structures but are used for different purposes.
-Analogous means they have different structures used for the same purpose.
What are the three types of reproductive isolation?
Temporal, Behavioral, and Geographical.
Define phylogeny
Grouping organisms by their common ancestor.
What is a clade?
A group of organisms that share similar genes/traits.
Who was Charles Darwin
Responsible for adopting the theory of isolation.
Who was James Hutton
Had the theory that the earth was really old.
Who was Lyell
Had the theory that the earth and its species are constantly changing and still changing today.
What are the steps of the evolution of the Finches in the Galapagos islands?
Founders arrive, Geographic isolation, changes in gene pool, reproductive and behavioral isolation, different species.
List three modern day examples of evolution
Peppered moths changed color from pollution, The Baujau people’s lungs evolved to hold their breath underwater to hunt, and the people in the mountains (Andes and HImalayan) changed from low oxygen levels.
Why was the idea of evolution so controversial?
Because the majority of people believed in Christianity and life being the same since it was created.
What are the differences between the Andes and Himalayan people?
Andes had a higher red blood cell count, the Himalayan people breathed faster.
