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Western Civilization > Unit 3 > Flashcards

Unit 3 Flashcards

1
Q

What is the Weimar Republic?

A

Successor of the Hohenzollern Monarchy beginning 1919.

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2
Q

What problems did the Weimar Republic have? Why?

A

Inherited debts and unemployment because hyperinflation destroyed pension and savings.

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3
Q

What is the Red Scare?

A

Post war fears of Communism

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4
Q

What is Mass Culture?

A

Aggressive marketing led to new consumer culture.
Examples: fashionable trends led to cult of sex appeal, movies and radio, sports, department stores.

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5
Q

Cultural Revolution and Women

A

“Modern Girl”. sex became topic of discussion, women began wearing “flappers” (shorter dresses), also the term “Loose Women” (critique from conservative Americans claiming women’s respective roles are in the home).

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6
Q

Causes of Great Depression

A

Lack of purchasing power (have to spend more money on necessity, less on wants), Increased tillage of soil (too much land had been farmed, making farming less valuable)

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7
Q

Mein Kampf

A

Written by Adolf Hitler, applies Social Darwinism, anti-communism, and antisemitism to society. Highlights the concept of “the superior German race”.

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8
Q

Effects on Jews from Hitler’s ascent to Chancellor

A

mistreatment of Jews became a policy, causing the dismissal of teachers and professors, lost legal firms and Dr offices plus confiscated property of Jews

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9
Q

Kristallnacht

A

widespread pogrom against jews (intentional destruction of Synagogues, homes, etc.), concentration camps

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10
Q

Final Solution

A

The holocaust. Concentration camps (6 mil killed). Created by Heinrich Himmler

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11
Q

Munich Conference

A

Conference shows that the Europeans were weary

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12
Q

Appeasement

A

“Pacifying” an argument in war or a nation by giving the oppressing side what they want

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13
Q

Dunkirk

A

344 thousand British and the remnants of French troops are held and surrounded by German air force on a beach and the French surrender

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14
Q

England saved during Battle for Britain:

A

aided by a cloned Enigma machineR

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15
Q

Why did Nazi’s lose in Operation Barbarossa?

A

The Russians had more troops than the Germans do and long supply lines, the troops did not have adequate clothes for the cold winter and Hitler had no plan to replace lost soldiers and equipment

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16
Q

Central Planning

A

Stalin uses this to draft soldiers and build munition. This is a plan for how much weapons, artillery, mining and so on that is produced every year.

17
Q

Nye Commission

A

This commission comes together, studies WW1 and finds why America had to get involved. They believed is is the “merchants of death” that forced us to get involved because they were selling weapons overseas forcing them to protect weapons overseas

18
Q

Neutrality Acts? How did they hamper US foreign policy?

A

The US will no longer sell arms at war or make wars to nations at war

19
Q

FDR’s three strategies to help Allies in WW1

A
  1. the destroyer-base deal (the US will give 50 old destroyers to England in exchange for control of 8 military bases)
  2. lead-lease act (renting, the US will lend/rent military hardware ro British but not sell)
  3. neutrality patrols (patrols sent to defend the weapons that the US sends over)
20
Q

What did the Japanese want?

A

An Asian empire

21
Q

What did the US expect at Pearl Harbour?

A

the American military was suspicious of sabotage

22
Q

3 “fortunate” things from Pearl Harbor

A
  1. US carriers on maneuvers
  2. Pearl Harbor is shallow
  3. Japanese does not send out second string of planes
23
Q

D-Day

A

The allied assault on France’s Normandy Coast which was successful due to the elaborate scheme to deceive the Wehrmacht.

24
Q

Cold War

A

State of military tension between two major global powers. Considered cold because direct hostility never occurred. Fighting through other nations

25
Q

Perspectives of Stalin

A

Believed allies delayed second front intentionally, he wanted friendly governments as a buffer

26
Q

Perspectives of Harry Truman

A

Wanted to replace balance of power with internationalism, wants self-determination for people and worries about communism

27
Q

Marshall Plan

A

US Secretary of State, George Marshall, believed situation in Europe would breed communism and wanted to rebuild Europe, “especially Germany”

28
Q

Why did the Soviets balk at the money from the Marshall Plan?

A

The money could only be used on America goods

29
Q

Truman Doctrine

A

Truman believes communism must be challenged and that the US must support free people to resist subjugation because it corrupts and spreads. Communism needs to be contained

30
Q

Arms Race? Cold War?

A

A focus on enhancing weapons and delivery systems. Satellites, Intercontinental Ballistic Missiles, Nuclear weapons (Proliferation-Spread)

31
Q

Decolonization

A

Europeans unable to maintain their empires. France tried to confer citizenship to keep their colonies but lost Vietnam and North Africa. Britain lost India and conflict between Hindus and Muslims (becoming Pakistan and India)

32
Q

China fall to Communism

A

Because of leader Chiang Kai-shek who was a corrupt human rights abuser

33
Q

Korean War

A

separation between North and South Korea, 38th Parallel. North attacks South, US convinces United Nations to intervene. MacArthurs victories encourage more victories until Chinese intervention.

34
Q

NASA

A

Nation Aeuronautics and Space Administration. Build rockets and satellites, makes plans to explore space, control aircrafts

35
Q

US and Sputnik Launch

A

Perceive themselves as behind and attempt to launch their own satellite. This facilitates massive increase in education funding and creating NASA

36
Q

Cuban Missile Crisis

A

Nikita Khrushchev (leader of the USSR), ordered the installation of nuclear missions in Cuba. John F. Kennedy orders a naval blockade and this brought the world within the minutes of the nuclear wars

37
Q

Detent

A

Second state of the Cold War. The relaxation of tensions

38
Q

Steps to reduce future conflict between Soviets and the US

A

Both agree to limitations on weaponry, restrict nuclear weapon tests, demilitarization of outer space and work together to prevent proliferation

39
Q

Consumerism

A

increase in disposable income, people become preoccupied with acquiring consumer goods, fueled by growth in consumer credit and population increases

Western Civilization (3 decks)

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