Unit 1

Question 1

eastern threat defeated at the Battle of Malta? Significance?

Answer 1

naval forces, made it possible for Europeans to begin western expansion

Question 2

religious conflicts near Iberian Peninsula?

Answer 2

Spain and Portugal lead crusades, driving Muslims away from Peninsula

Question 3

European Peasantry status

Answer 3

education, birth, title, office, etc.

Question 4

primary european power structures

Answer 4

huge religious authority, the Pope, monarch has absolute authority, power shared with Parliament.

Question 5

Thirty Years War? Treaty?

Answer 5

religious conflict between protestants and catholics in Germany, Westphalia establishes diplomatic ties and balance of power

Question 6

mercantilism

Answer 6

kept other countries from trading with colonies, increase exports and decrease imports

Question 7

accused of withcraft?

Answer 7

women (specifically single old or independent), seen as weaker

Question 8

enlightenment

Answer 8

improvement of humanity 17-18th century

Question 9

French and Indian War? ramifications?

Answer 9

British were forced to defend the colonists against French, created way to Revolution

Question 10

Salutary Neglect? Result?

Answer 10

colonists are ignored, gain feelings of independence, Revolutionary War

Question 11

British control against colonists? Their mistake?

Answer 11

controlled trade and smuggling, heavy taxes (Stamp Act and Sugar Act for ex), but gave british no control in Parliament

Question 12

Boston Massacre?

Answer 12

Paul Revere and other struck Bostonians first and lied to make British look bad. created hatred between Americans and the monarch (George III at time)

Question 13

Battle of Saratoga?

Answer 13

major victory for colonists, convinced French to join the Americans

Question 14

Revolutionary War on France

Answer 14

increased French debt; %50 of revenues were used to pay interests

Question 15

Sans-culottes

Answer 15

peasants coming together against nobles

Question 16

National Assembly

Answer 16

met at tennis court because Third-Estate doors were chained shut, they wanted religious toleration, limitations on power and a basic constitution

Question 17

Bastille? oppression?

Answer 17

ancient French political prison in Paris, no trial when sent here

Question 18

Women’s March?

Answer 18

rise in bread prices they could not afford

Question 19

Louis XVI and Mary Antoinette

Answer 19

executed for being against Revolution

Question 20

reign of terror

Answer 20

because of rebellion in West of France. massive violence, Robespierre executed. Committee of Public Safety

Question 21

Napoleon

Answer 21

abolished feudal and local customs. crowns himself to send message to the Pope and Rome

Question 22

Napoleonic Code?

Answer 22

equality for all male citizens, male suffrage rights, property rights and religious rights. limited freedom of speech and press. denied rights to women apart from their father or husband.

Question 23

Continental System? ramifications?

Answer 23

no country in Italy under Napoleon can trade with England. wealthy turn against him and illegal trading begins.

Question 24

Napoleons downfall?

Answer 24

defeat in Russia, cold winter plus disease and starvation cost many lives. 40,000 men lost. Napoleon exiled to Elba, comes back, defeated against Waterloo and again exiled to Saint Helena