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Large Animal Diseases > Unit 3 > Flashcards

Unit 3 Flashcards

1
Q

What is big head caused by?

A

Clostridium*

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2
Q

What are clinical signs in sheep of big head?

A

Head butting*, bruises or lacerations from fighting, and edematous swelling

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3
Q

What is black disease caused by?

A

Clostridium*

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4
Q

What is looked at to determine black disease during a necropsy?

A

Liver

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5
Q

What disease can be prevented by controlling liver flukes?

A

Black disease

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6
Q

What is the causative agent of black leg?

A

Clostridium

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7
Q

What are the clostridium perfringes?

A
  • Dysentery (B)
  • Struck (C)
  • Pulpy kidney (D)
  • Enterotoxemia (all)
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8
Q

What are clinical signs of brucellosis?

A

Epididymitis

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9
Q

What does brucellosis cause in humans?

A

Undulent and malta fever

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10
Q

What are clinical signs of caseous lymphadenitis?

A

Abcesses*, dyspnea, tachypnea, etc.

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11
Q

What are clinical signs of chlamydophilosis?

A

Abortion*, weak/stillborn lambs, pneumonia, etc.

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12
Q

What do we not use for foot rot baths?

A

Copper

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13
Q

What do we use for foot rot baths?

A

Zinc sulfate

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14
Q

What are clinical signs of joint 3?

A

Swollen joints, lameness, fever, umbilical cord abscessation*, and leukocytosis

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15
Q

What are clinical signs of leptospirosis?

A

Abortion*, septicemia, reduced fertility

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16
Q

Is leptospirosis zoonotic?

A

Yes!

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17
Q

What are clinical signs of listeriosis?

A

Abortions, circling, drooping ears, blindness

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18
Q

What causes malignant edema?

A

Clostridium

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19
Q

What are clinical signs of malignant edema?

A

Edematous lesion*, gas lesions, weight loss, fever, etc.

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20
Q

What are clinical signs of paratuberculosis (Johne’s Disease)?

A

Watery diarrhea and weightloss*

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21
Q

What are treatment options for paratuberculosis?

A

None!

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22
Q

What are clinical signs of pink eye?

A

Blepharospasm, lacrimation, etc.

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23
Q

What is Scrapie the layman’s term for?

A

Transmissible spongiform encephalopathies

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24
Q

What are clinical signs of TSE?

A

Wool or hair loss, ataxia, weight loss, starring, aggressiveness, seizures, death*

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25
Q

Is TSE reportable?

A

Yes

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26
Q

What are clinical signs of vibriosis?

A

Late term abortion*, still births, weak lambs

27
Q

What is toxoplasma spread by?

A

Cat feces and aborted tissues*

28
Q

Is toxoplasma zoonotic?

A

Yes!

29
Q

What are clinical signs of toxoplasma?

A

Fetal death, abortion*, still birth, and weak neonates

30
Q

What are preventions for toxoplasma?

A

Preventing cat access to sheep areas

31
Q

What are clinical signs of blue tongue?

A

Ulcerations* on the mouth/nose, lameness, fever, and abortion*

32
Q

What are clinical signs of Caprine Arthritis and Encephalitis (CAE)?

A

Neurologic, arthritic, and mastitis

33
Q

What are clinical signs of contagious exthyma?

A

Lesions in oral cavity*, eyelids, feet, and teats; lameness

34
Q

Is contagious exthyma zoonotic?

A

Yes

35
Q

What disease is reportable because its foreign?

A

Foot and Mouth

36
Q

What are clinical signs of OPP/Ovine progressive pneumonia?

A

Coughing*, bronchial exudate, anorexia, fever, etc.

37
Q

What are clostridial diseases in camelids?

A

Diarrhea and black leg

38
Q

What is tetanus caused by?

A

Toxin from puncture/contaminated wound*

39
Q

What are preventions for tetanus?

A

Vaccine with the toxoid*

40
Q

What are clinical signs of rhinopneumonitis?

A

Abortion*, ataxia, fever, recumbency, nasal disc., etc.

41
Q

What are treatment options for rhinopneumonitis?

A

Isolation* and palliative care

42
Q

What are clinical signs of bovine viral diarrhea in camelids?

A

Oral* erosion and interstinal* ulceration, also diarrhea

43
Q

What are clinical signs of Ovine Enzootic Abortion in camelids?

A

Abortion*, keratoconjunctivities, epididymitis, and polyarhtritis

44
Q

What are preventions for west niles in camelids?

A

Horse vaccine if known risk in area

45
Q

What are clinical signs of entropion in camelids/small ruminants?

A

Blepharospasm, photophobia, and epiphora

46
Q

What is the layman’s term for hereditary chondrodysplasia?

A

Spider lamb

47
Q

What breeds is hereditary chondrodysplasia (Spider Lamb) seen in?

A

Suffolk* or Hampshire breeds

48
Q

What are clinical signs of milk fever/eclampsia?

A

Muscle twitching, tachycardia, ataxic, headbobbing, recumbency

49
Q

What are treatments for milk fever?

A

IV Calcium

50
Q

When does pregnancy toxemia (Ketosis) occur?

A

Last 4 weeks of gestation when they use fat reserves for energy

51
Q

What are clinical signs of ketosis?

A

Depression, sweet smelling breath*

52
Q

How is ketosis diagnosed?

A

Clinical signs and urine ketone* sticks

53
Q

What are treatments for ketosis?

A

IV glucose* and oral propylene glycol*

54
Q

What causes white muscle disease?

A

Vitamin E or selenium deficiency

55
Q

What are clinical signs of white muscle disease?

A

Uncoordinated* movement, lameness, paralysis of hindlimbs, dyspnea, and sudden death (Flying scapula**)

56
Q

What is a common cause of clostridium novyi, sordellii, and chauvoei infections in sheep?

A

Head butting

57
Q

What is the major clinical sign of brucellosis in rams?

A

Epididymitis

58
Q

What vaccine would you consider if your llama or alpaca was exposed to sheep?

A

EAE = Enzootic abortion in ewes

59
Q

What stage does prolapsed vagina most often occur in?

A

Preparturition

60
Q

Urinary tract obstruction or ‘water belly’ is caused by what?

A

Urinary calculi

61
Q

Which parasite control drug appears to be widely effective against most parasites?

A

Ivermectin

62
Q

What parasite in camelids comes from white tailed deer?

A

Meningeal worm

63
Q

What two parasites does ivermectin not kill?

A

Cryptosporidium and coccidia

Large Animal Diseases (4 decks)

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