Unit 3

Question 1

In explaining auditory perception, Helmholtz assumed that a sound wave of a particular frequency caused the appropriate fibre in the _____ to vibrate

Answer 1

Basilar membrane

Question 2

During his work on kinesthesis, Weber made the startling observation that the just noticeable difference is a constant fraction of the standard weight. For lifted weights that fraction is:

Answer 2

1/40

Question 3

Bell is give. First name credit on the bell-magendie law because :

Answer 3

He conducted the research and distributed it to a small group of friend via a pamphlet

Question 4

Weber found that the subjects could detect much smaller weight differences when they lifted the weights than when the weights were simply placed in their hands. He attributed this increase sensitivity to:

Answer 4

Kinesthesis

Question 5

Kant and Helmholtz agreed that:

Answer 5

The perceived transformed what the senses provided

Question 6

What is Broca best known for?

Answer 6

Observing a behavioural disorder and then discovering the brain area responsible for that disorder

Question 7

Helmholtz and many of his colleagues believed all of the following except:

Answer 7

As useful as science was, it could never investigate the ‘life force’

Question 8

Which of the following was NOT an important discovery of Fritsch and Hitzig was:

Answer 8

They performed autopsies on humans to determine the cause of a behavioural deficit

Question 9

In his work on two-point threshold, Weber found that the most sensitive area (smallest threshold) was the _____ and the least sensitive area (largest threshold) was _____

Answer 9

Tongue; middle of the back.

Question 10

Examining the protrusions and depressions on a persons skull to determine the strength of his or her facilities was called:

Answer 10

Phrenology

Question 11

Because Wundt believed that individuals could direct their attention anywhere they wished, he referred to his brand of psychology as :

Answer 11

Voluntarism

Question 12

From the experiment with the pendulum clock (thought meter), Wundt concluded:

Answer 12

That experiment psychology must stress selective attention or volition

Question 13

For Titchener, attention was:

Answer 13

Clearness of sensation

Question 14

Concerning verbal communication, Wundt referred to the unified idea that one wishes to convey as a:

Answer 14

General idea

Question 15

According to Donders, the time it took to perform the mental act of discrimination was determined by:

Answer 15

Subtracting simple reaction time from the reaction time that involved discrimination

Question 16

According to Husserl, experimental psychology:

Answer 16

Must be preceded by a careful, rigorous phenomenological analysis

Question 17

Titchener formed “The Experimentalists” because:

Answer 17

He believed the APA was too friendly towards the applied topics

Question 18

Which of the following questions raised by the Wurzburg school contributed to the downfall of structuralism

Answer 18

All of these choices

Question 19

Wundt’s principle of _________ stated that prolonged experiences of one type will cause one to seek the opposite type of experience.

Answer 19

The development of opposites

Question 20

Titchener concluded that there were about _____ identifiable sensations, most of which were related to the sense of ______

Answer 20

40,000; vision.

Question 21

Darwin believed all of the following about human emotions except:

Answer 21

They were qualitatively different from the emotions of non-human animals

Question 22

German found all of the following to be true of the children who participated in his study of genius except:

Answer 22

Because their intellectual ability developed so quickly and early in life, it was slower than average following childhood.

Question 23

Which of the following best summarizes Darwin’s view of the evolutionary process?

Answer 23

Evolution just happens

Question 24

According to Spencer, the best government was one that:

Answer 24

Allowed free competition amount all its citizens

Question 25

Who formulated a theory of evolution similar to Darwin’s at about the same time that Darwin formulated his own theory?

Answer 25

Wallace

Question 26

Burt believed all of the following except :

Answer 26

Remedial education programs can raise the intellectual level of students with low intellectual ability

Question 27

After collecting questionnaire data from 200 fellow scientists, Galton stated that the potential for high intelligence was inherited but that it must be nurtured by a proper environment, thus beginning:

Answer 27

The nature-nurture controversy

Question 28

Galton called the improvement of living organisms through selective breeding:

Answer 28

Eugenics

Question 29

One of the earliest conflicts Darwin had with the church was over:

Answer 29

The age of the earth

Question 30

In the mid - 19 century, the contention that the frequency with which a response is made increases if the response is followed by a pleasurable event and decreases if it is followed by a painful event was called

Answer 30

The Spencer- Bain principle

Question 31

All of the following were reasons for the widespread popularity of phrenology except:

Answer 31

It provided conclusive evidence that faculty psychology was false

Question 32

To account for colour vision, Helmholtz postulated the existence of

Answer 32

Three types of colour receptors corresponding to three primary colours

Question 33

The belief that educational experiences could be arranged so that they strengthen contain faculties of the mind was called

Answer 33

Formal discipline

Question 34

Helmholtz found that when individuals who had been blind since birth acquired sight they:

Answer 34

Needed to learn to perceive

Question 35

Using the method of ______ the subject is instructed to adjust a variable stimulus so that it’s magnitude appears to equal that of a standard stimulus. After this the average difference between variable stimulus and standard is determined

Answer 35

Adjustment

Question 36

The work of such researchers as Broca, Fritsch, Hitzig, and Ferrier did not support phrenology because:

Answer 36

The localized cortical functions that it isolated were not where the phrenologists said they were and the cortical functions that were discovered were quite different from those functions postulated by the phrenologists

Question 37

Fechner called the lowest intensity at which a stimulus could be detected the:

Answer 37

Absolute threshold

Question 38

According to Helmholtz, it was the minds job to create a reasonably accurate view of reality based on the distorted and incomplete information furnished by the senses. He described this process with his

Answer 38

Concept of unconscious inference

Question 39

Those before Helmholtz who believed in animal spirits or a vital force believed that:

Answer 39

Measuring the speed of nerve conduction was impossible

Question 40

Muller believed that

Answer 40

Our knowledge of the physical world was limited by the type of sensory receptors we possess

Question 41

Which of the following did Wundt believe about experimental psychology

Answer 41

It was useless in understanding higher mental processes

Question 42

Titchener defined _______ as the accumulated experiences of a lifetime

Answer 42

The mind

Question 43

Wundt believed that physical and psychological causality were

Answer 43

Polar opposites

Question 44

Regarding the mind body issue Titchener was

Answer 44

Psychophysical parallelist

Question 45

Kulpe’s technique of _____ involved giving subjects problems to solve and then asking them to report the mental operations they engaged in to solve them

Answer 45

Systematic experimental introspection

Question 46

Which of the following philosophies most influenced Wundt

Answer 46

Rationalism

Question 47

According to Titchener, all feelings could be explained employing the dimension of

Answer 47

Pleasantness- unpleasantness

Question 48

Wundts use of introspection most closely resembled that of

Answer 48

Helmholtzian psychologists

Question 49

Wundt believed that in effective verbal communication all of the following must occur except;

Answer 49

Both the speaker and the listener must use the same words and sentence structures

Question 50

Describing a stimulus as visual or auditory defines the _____ of the stimulus, while describing the stimulus in terms of how loud or bright it is describes _____

Answer 50

Modality; intensity

Question 51

Which of the following is not one of the abilities that Binet attempted to improve with his mental operations

Answer 51

Test-taking skills

Question 52

In what way did Terman revise the Binet-Simon scale of intelligence

Answer 52

He added and deleted items until the average score for each stage was 100

Question 53

Galton used the concept of _____to explain why eminent individuals only tended to have eminent offspring

Answer 53

Regression toward the mean

Question 54

Goddard, along with several leading scientists of the day believed that feeble minded individuals should

Answer 54

Not be allowed to reproduce

Question 55

Herbert Spencer applied the notion of evolution

Answer 55

To everything in the universe

Question 56

Spencer believed that if the principle of evolution was allowed to operate freely

Answer 56

All living organisms and societies would approximate perfection

Question 57

Who brought the theories of Galton to America

Answer 57

JM Cattell

Question 58

Which of the following did Darwin believe

Answer 58

All of these choices

Question 59

Binet conducted his first studies of intelligence on

Answer 59

His daughters

Question 60

Yelled believed that for intelligence tests to be effective in the armed forces all of the following would need to be true except

Answer 60

They would need to be administered to one individual at a time