unit 3 Flashcards
what is a hazard ?
a potential source of harm or adverse health effect
types of hazards
• environmental
• biological
• chemical
• muskoletal
• psychological
• physical
• working conditions
• working practices
• lack of security systems
examples of environmental hazards
• crowded areas
• wet floors that can cause slip/trip hazards
• frayed carpets
• uneven floors
examples of biological hazards
• waste & bodily fluids that can cause spread of infection & affect ppls health
• soiled bedding left
• vomit not cleared up
• used bandages left out
examples of chemical hazards
• cleaning agents & medications that can cause harm if not used/stored correctly
• unlocked medical trolly
• unlabelled cleaning fluids
examples of psychological hazards
• stress & violence that can affect ppls physical & emotional wellbeing
• tiredness caused by high workload due to staff absences
examples of working conditions
• poor lighting
• environments that are too hot/too cold which can cause harm & ill-health
• noise & distribution in reception area
examples of working practices that are unsafe
• lack of fire training
• long working hours that can cause injuries, fatalities & illnesses
• lack of supervision
examples of lack of security systems
• window locks & alarm systems that can cause security & fire risks
• faulty smoke alarm systems
• broken security chain
• lack of interlocking doors
potential impacts of hazards for ppl who require care/support, employees & employers
• injury or harm
• illness
• poor standards of care
• financial loss
harm & abuse
• anyone can be vulnerable
• can be carried out by anyone
• intentional abuse
• unintentional abuse
effects of abuse
• effects health & wellbeing
• short term: bruises, cuts, STI, low self-esteem, feeling angry/anxious
• long term: low self-esteem, feeling angry/anxious, developing mental health condition, self-harm, suicidal behaviour
types of settings where hazards can take place
• health care environments
• care environments
• child care environments
• public environments
• transport
intentional abuse
• harm and abuse towards others that is deliberate.
unintentional abuse
• harm and abuse towards others that is unintentional, through poor care
examples of muskoletal hazards
- using a hoist
- carrying heavy equipment
What is Legislation ?
- is put in place to ensure everyone’s health, security, & safety is safeguarded
Health and Saftey at Work Act (HASAWA) 1974
- the basis for other health + saftey regulations + guidelines
- established the Health + Saftey Executive (HSE) as the regulator for the health, saftey, + welfare of ppl in work settings in UK
- established key duties + responsibilities of all employers + employees in work settings
Management of Health & Saftey at Work Regulations (MHSWR) 1999
• places duties on employers to carry out & implement risk assessments
• requires work settings to have arrangements in place to ensure health, saftey & security
• requires employers to provide info, training & supervision so work activities can be carried out safely
Food Saftey Act 1990
• requires that good personal hygiene is maintained
• requires records are kept of where food is from so can be traced
• requires that any food that is unsafe is removed & an incident report completed
Food Saftey (General Food Hygiene) Regulations 1995
• requires that food saftey hazards are identified
• requires food saftey controls are in place, maintained & reviewed
• requires environments where food is prepared/cooked are kept clean & in good condition
• raw meat & ready to eat products must be prepared on separate chopping boards to prevent cross-contamination
Manual Handling Operations Regulations 1992
• requires employers avoid hazardous manual handling tasks when possible & assess those that cannot be avoided
• requires employers eliminate or reduce risks associated with manual handling tasks
• requires employers to provide info, training & supervision about moving & handling
Reporting of Injuries, Diseases, & Dangerous Occurrences Regulations (RIDDOR) 2013
• requires employers to report & keep records for 3 years of related accidents that cause death & serious injured
• requires work settings to have procedures in place for reporting injuries, diseases, & incidents
• requires employers to provide info & training on reporting injuries, diseases, & incidents
Data Protection Act 1998
• protects the security of personal info
• requires info is accurate & up to date
• requires that info is kept secure
Control of Substances Hazardous to Health Regulations (COSHH) 2002
• requires employers to carry out risk assessments to prevent exposure to hazardous substances
• requires employers to have procedures in place for safe working with hazardous substances
• requires employers to provide info, training, & supervision so that activities can be carried out safely
Civil Contingencies Act 2004
• sets out how organisations must work together to plan & respond to local & national emergencies
• establishes how organisations can work together & share info
• requires that risk assessments are undertaken & emergency plans are put in place
The Health and Social Care (Safety & Quality) Act 2015
• sets out how health & adult social care providers must share info about persons care with other professionals so that safe & effective care is provided
• requires health & adults social care organisations use a consistent identifier when sharing info about persons care
• reduces risk of harm & abuse by making provision for removing ppl convicted of certain offences from registers
What is safeguarding ?
• actions taken by professionals to help ensure safe & effective care
• includes acting on concerns
Care Act 2014
• established new statutory framework for care & support, including adult safeguarding
• adult safeguarding ensures ppls rights to live free from abuse & neglect are protected & that working in partnership to prevent the risk of abuse or neglect
Working Together to Safeguard Children 2015
• protects children from maltreatment
• prevents impairment of children’s health & development
• ensures children grow up in circumstances consistent with the provision of safe & effective care
• taking acting to enable all children to have the best outcomes
disclosure & barring service (DBS)
• works closely with police & helps to safeguard both adults & children from harm & abuse by preventing unsuitable ppl from working with vulnerable adults & children by
• processing requests for criminal records checks by searching police records & barred list info
• deciding whether it’s appropriate for a person to be place on/removed from a barred list
• placing ppl on the DBS children’s & adults barred list for England, Wales & Northern Ireland
disclosure & barring service checks
• employer can request DBS checks for roles that may involve working/volunteering in health, social care & child care settings
• DBS checks don’t have expiry dates, they can be updated & checked when required by employers
• standard - checks for spent & unspent convictions, cautions, reprimands, & final warnings
• enhanced - includes the same as what are as well as any additional info held by local police that’s considered relevant to the role being applied for
• enhanced with list checks - includes the same as enhancer checks as well as a check of the DBS barred list
influence of legislation
• on staff - effective supervision, instruction & training
• on premises - premises kept clean
• on practices - good personal hygiene
health & safety
• completed health & safety checks
risk assessments
• completed individual risk assessments
• completed risk assessments
fire evacuation
• check fire exits can open immediately & that it’s clear
• routes clear
• checked assembly points
safeguarding
• incident book
• report
reporting of accidents
• report book
• accident book
food saftey
• checked temp of fridges & freezers
• empty waste bins
• check expiry dates & dispose of expired foods
cleaning
• use neutral detergent
• check bathrooms to ensure hygienic, clean & tidy
disposal of hazardous waste
• check waste bags are emptied
• check sharp bins are only 1/3 full
lone working
• signed & dates task sheets
• phones office before & after
• risk assessments completed
storage & dispensing of medicines
• stock rotation of medicenes
• check expiry dates
• locked cabinets
security of premises, possessions & individuals
• protected time
• locked windows & doors
• access & exit routes
review of policies & procedures
• policies & procedures must be reviewed regularly to ensure that they reflect any changes that are made to legislation, an organisations needs & sims, ppls exsiting needs, or the development of a new need
• good practice to date & number policies & procedures once renewed & updates
• system in place for regularly renewing these - review dates & any changes communicated
• review of policies & procedures are effective if contains up to date info & reflect safe working practices
Roles
• employers
• employees - maintaining own & others health, safety & security, follow employers guidance & instruction, attend training
• individuals who require care & support
Employers roles in ensuring health, saftey, & security
- third sector
- NHS
- local authority
- manager/care home owner
- headteacher/board of governors
third sector
- safeguard & promote the health, saftey, security, & welfare of its employees & all who work on behalf of the charity
- work closely with the local authority & other agencies to promote & safeguard the welfare of ppl who require care & support
NHS
- provide a secure & healthy environment in which to work in & visit
- provide staff with sufficient instruction, info, & supervision to be able to work in a safe manner
local authority
- developing effective communication & consultation with employees on health & saftey matters
- preventing accidents & work related ill health
manager/care home owner
- develop, review, & update the homes health & safety policy & procedures
- maintain effective systems for recording, reporting, & investigating injuries, accidents, & dangerous occurrences
headteacher/board of governors
- manage the schools staff, site, & activities to safeguard the health, saftey, security, & welfare of everyone
responsibilities
- employers, employees, & ppl are responsible for carrying out day to day tasks to comply with legislation & organisational policies & procedures
consequent of not meeting responsibilities
- failing to meet legal & organisational health & saftey responsibilities can have drastic consequences for employers, employees, & ppl who require care & support
types of consequences of not meeting responsibilities
- disciplinary action
*criminal prosecution - being removed from professional registers
- causing injury or harm
- being injured or harmed
examples of health profession regulators
- general chiropractic council
- general dental council
- general medical council
- general optical council
- general osteopathic council
- general pharmaceutical council
- health professions council
- nursing & midwifery council
- pharmaceutical society of northern ireland
incidents & emergencies
- accidents
- exposure to infections
- exposure to chemicals
- spillages
- intruders
- aggerssive & dangerous encounters
- fire
- floods
- loss of water supply
- other critical incidents
responses to incidents & emergencies
- reporting of accidents
- evacuation procedures
- follow up review of critical incidents & emergencies
- report to relevant authorities
responsibilities of a first aider - 3 Ps
- Preserve life by carrying out emergency first aid procedures that don’t place anyone in danger - first step is to asses for danger
- Preventing deterioration by preventing further harm to the casualty or their condition worsening
- Promoting recovery by getting medical help quickly, staying with the person until help arrives can be reassuring for the person & can enable an effective handover of their condition to take place
responsibilities of a first aider - DRS ABC acronym
- Danger checks - look around & check for any risks or signs of danger
- Response assessment - assess all causalities & check whether or not they’re conscious
- Shout for help - call ambulance or get someone else to do this for u
- Airway checks - check causulties airway is open & not blocked
- Breathing checks - check whether they r breathing normally, if not place in recovery position
- Circulation checks - continues to monitor the casualty, check help is on its way
example of risk assessment
• fire saftey
• first aid
• manual handling
why are risk assessments important ?
• helps identify hazards/risks
• ensures ppl know what to do
• ensures ppls health & saftey
• helps eliminate/minimise risks
responsibilities for first aider
- assess for danger
- keeping themselves & area safe
- prevent further harm
- maintain respect & dignity
- get help
- stay with person until help arrives
consequences for not meeting responsibilities
- direct costs (fines)
- indirect costs (recruitment costs & low staff morale)
- disciplinary action (first written warning, final written warning, dismissal)
- civil & criminal prosecution
- causing/being injured or harmed
- removed from professional registers (medical & teaching)
examples of physical hazards
- excessive loud noise at work
- radiation from electromagnetic rays like x-rays & gamma rays
examples of muskoletal hazards
• manual handling
• display screen equipment (DSE)
• muscle injuries
