Unit 3 Flashcards
Cellular Respiration Equation
C6H12O6 + 6 O2 —> 6 CO2 + 6 H2O
Concentration
the number of particles
per volume
Concentration Gradient
differences in
concentrations across space
Diffusion
the process by which particles
move from an area of high concentration to an
area of low concentration.
Equilibrium
when movement in one direction is
matched by movement in the opposite direction yielding
no net movement.
Permeable
membrane that allows a
particular substance to pass through it
Impermeable
a membrane that does not
allow a particular substance to pass
Semi-permeable
a membrane that
allows some things to cross but not others
Osmosis
the diffusion of water
- Movement of water across a semi-permeable membrane from a region of high concentration to a region of low concentration
Isotonic
the concentration is the same
on both sides of the membrane
Hypertonic
the concentration is higher
on the outside of the cell
Hypotonic
the concentration is lower on
the outside of the cell
Passive Transport
Diffusion with concentration
gradient (no energy cost)
Simple Diffusion
does not
require a channel
( no transport proteins involved)
Facilitated Diffusion
requires a
protein to provide a pathway
Active Transport
– movement requiring ATP
a) Going against the concentration gradient
b) Going faster than it would normally
Exocytosis
The cell pushes something
out by sending a vesicle to the cell
membrane and having the vesicle fuse
with the cell membrane dumping its
contents outside.
Endocytosis
Cell pulls something inside
by wrapping membrane around it.
Phagocytosis
Endocytosis of solid particles
Pinocytosis
Endocytosis of liquid
Glycolysis
In the cytoplasm
To break sugar
2 ATP
(Splits glucose into 2 pyruvate)
Krebs Cycle
In the matrix
Strips the H+ off of the parts of glucose - makes NADH
2 ATP
Electron transport chain
Cristae
Makes H+ gradient and uses it to make ATP
34 ATP
Photosynthesis equation
6 CO2 + 6 H2O —> C6H12O6 + 6 O2
Light dependent
Thylakoid/Grana
Makes H+ gradient
Uses H+ gradient to make ATP
Light independent
Stroma
Essentially uses the ATP to make sugar
Uses ATP and NADPH to join CO2 into glucose
