Unit 1 - General Chemistry

Question 1

isotope

Answer 1

atoms which are the same element but which have different numbers of neutrons. This makes their masses different

Question 2

polar molecule

Answer 2

A molecule that has a relative separation of positive and negative charges. Because: electrons are pulled to one side more than the other and the molecule is asymmetrical ex. water

Question 3

non-polar molecule

Answer 3

no uneven pulling of electrons. the molecule is symmetrical ex. carbon dioxide

Question 4

hydrogen bond

Answer 4

a bond resulting from the slight interactions of positive and negative charges in polar molecules (usually involving water)

Question 5

proton

Answer 5

determines the chemical and physical properties of the atom (# of electrons)

Question 6

nuetron

Answer 6

Adds mass to the atom
2 electrons first shell
8 electrons in next 2 shells

Question 7

electron

Answer 7

determines how atoms react to each other (function of how full the shell is)

Question 8

atomic number

Answer 8

top of box= number of protons

Question 9

atomic mass

Answer 9

The number of protons and the average number of neutrons

Question 10

chemical reaction

Answer 10

how atoms form or break bonds by rearranging their electron shells
Atoms want:
A) same number of protons and electrons
B) Full Electron shells

Question 11

ionic bonding

Answer 11

!A metal gives an electron to a non metal!
- and this means that they both have complete outer electron shells. It also means that they stick together because they now have opposite charges

Question 12

covalent bonding

Answer 12

!2 non-metals share their outer electron shells!
- and by doing this achieve complete outer shells. This does require that they remain in contact with each other

Question 13

element

Answer 13

All of the atoms in an element have the same number of protons

Question 14

compund

Answer 14

More than one kind of element bound together

Question 15

molecule

Answer 15

more than one atom covalently bound

Question 16

ion

Answer 16

a particle with a net of positive and negative charge

Question 17

MU

Answer 17

Mass Unit- Mass of a proton

Question 18

pH

Answer 18

the negative log of the H+ concentration.

Question 19

Acid

Answer 19

Ass H+ to water – pH<7

Question 20

base

Answer 20

Add OH- to water –pH>7

Question 21

variable

Answer 21

the parmeter being tested

Question 22

demorcirtis

Answer 22

suggests that mater is made of particles

Question 23

percition

Answer 23

how close the results of the trials are to each other

Question 24

accuracy

Answer 24

how close the results of the trials are to the expected value