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US History > Unit 3 > Flashcards

Unit 3 Flashcards

1
Q

Republicans/north nominate who for president

A

Abraham Lincoln

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2
Q

What did Abraham believe in

A

Free soil (no slaves )

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3
Q

Who did NOT vote for lincoln

A

The south because he was going to get rid of slaves

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4
Q

The southern states start to think about what after Lincoln is elected

A

secession

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5
Q

who is the first state to secede

A

South Carolina (test answer)

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6
Q

What was the souths/confederates first order of business, after suceeding?

A

Take Fort Sumter

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7
Q

What was fort Sumter?

A

A union stronghold in charleston South carolina.

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8
Q

What begins/starts the civil war

A

The shelling of fort sumter on April 12th

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9
Q

What was the point of the civil war

A

To keep the states together not for slavery. In order to keep the union together they had to think what can they do about slavery?

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10
Q

In response to the south bombing fort sumter Lincoln sends how many troops to take the fort back

A

75,000 troops

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11
Q

Because Lincoln sends the troops what happens

A

Virginia, Arkansas, North carolina, and Tennessee joined the confederacy (VANT)

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12
Q

Who did the confederates choose as a president?

A

Jefferson davis

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13
Q

what was one industrial improvement ?

A

steel

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14
Q

the civil war was the first modern war that used what items

A
  • heavey artillery
  • railroads
  • telegrpah communication
  • balloon observations
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15
Q

In the future we take generals and make them what

A

presidents

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16
Q

Who did Lincoln want as their general first?

A

Robert E lee but Ulysses was his second choice

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17
Q

Who was the unions general

A

Ulysses S grant

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18
Q

the union fought what on invaders

A

offensivley

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19
Q

the union had 85% of what manufacturing

A

iron industries

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20
Q

Who was the confederacy/souths general

A

Robert E lee

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21
Q

the south/confederacy army is skilled in what?

A

More military skill

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22
Q

what resources did the south have

A

financial and natural resources

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23
Q

the south fought?

A

defensively (defenders) they just want to keep what they have.

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24
Q

What did the emancipacion proclimation do

A

Lincolns purpose of the proclimation was to keep the union together because the states cannot break away from the union. the proclimation only freed SOME SLAVES. ONLY THE SLAVES IN STATES OF REBELLION WILL BE SET FREE.

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25
Q

did the emancipation proclamation free all the states slaves in the US

A

no

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26
Q

how long did the civil war last

A

4 years

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27
Q

Where did the civil war wrap up?

A

the Appomattox courthouse in Virgina

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28
Q

Which general surrendered to who

A

General lee surrendered to general grant.

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29
Q

After the civil war, how was the south

A
  • Cities were in ruins
  • illness swept the region
  • economy shattered (lack jobs)
    -after the freedom of slaves they were homeless.
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30
Q

What was reconstruction about? (Lincolns plan 2 part plan)

A
  1. How to bring the south back into the nation
  2. How to provide for the freed slaves
    (test question)
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31
Q

What is the 10% Plan

A

a plan to bring the south back to the union

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32
Q

What did you have to do in the 10% percent plan

A

10% of the state population (voting men) have to swear an allegiance to the consitution
2. after they need to write a new consitution
3. the southerners would recieve amnesty(forgivness), property rights, and political rights.

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33
Q

What was lincolns plan for reconstruction

A

the 10% plan and the freedmans Bureau

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34
Q

What is the Freedmen’s Bureau

A

(providing for slaves) n organization that helped slaves transition into a free way of life.
THey helped with things like
- food, clothing
Hispitals, churches
- schools, finding jobs

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35
Q

Why did congress dislike the Freedmans Bureau

A

they claimed it was too expensive and lienient. The Northerners intent was to punish the south for what they had done

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36
Q

what did the states compromise with lincolns plans

A

congress passed the wade Davis Bill which compromises he 10% plan to make it that 50% of the states population has to swear allegiance. They also said
federal troops will be sent to the south`

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37
Q

What happeneds to the wade davis bill

A

lincoln vetos the bill

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38
Q

Who assassinated Abraham Lincoln

A

John Wilkes Booth

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39
Q

Lincolns assassination happened how many days after the civil war? and what was their original plan

A

5 days after the war and their orignial plan was a kidnapping.

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40
Q

After Lincoln died who became the new president

A

Andrew Johnson

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41
Q

Did Andrew Johnson follow through with lincolns ideas

A

yes but he kinda supported lincolns 2 part plans

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42
Q

In 1865 the 13th amendment was

A

Passed: Abolition of slavery. The orignal document didnt cover a lot of things

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43
Q

the civil rights act of 1866 did what

A

Grants African americans citizenship and fully legal equality

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44
Q

The 14th amendment did what

A

Prevents states from denying rights to any citizen. Equal protection under law.

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45
Q

Johnson vetoes what

A

He vetoed civil Rights act and 14th amendment. he doesnt think that they should be citizens.

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46
Q

Because Johnson vetoed the civil rights act and amendment, congress wanted to what

A

Impeach the president

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47
Q

Who was the first impeachment in history

A

Andrew Johnson

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48
Q

Removal from office vote failed by how many votes

A

1 vote

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49
Q

Who was the next president after Andrew Johnson

A

Ulysees S grant

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50
Q

What was the 15th amendment about

A

It gave African Americans the right to vote (JUST MEN)

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51
Q

Congress passed Reconstruction acts which was

A

-Abolish state governments in the south
- Divide the south into 5 military districts
- Federal troops into each district
- must ratify the 14th amendment (rights of citizens) to renter the union.

52
Q

What were black codes

A

Subjected former slaves to rescrictions to teir new freedom

53
Q

Black codes were passed out by local government which would limit their freedom to what

A
  • forbid blacs to testify against whites
  • cannot hold large meetings
  • cannot bear arms
  • cannot serve on juries.
54
Q

What was the first industrial rev powered by

A

Water, Coal, Steam

55
Q

what was the second industrial rev powered by

A

steel and oil

56
Q

What were the 4 key factors of industrialization in the 1800s?

A

1.Abundant natural resources
2. Improved transportation
3. Growth in cities
4. Government support

57
Q

What was under the adundant factor?

A
  • coal
  • oil
    -Iron Ore
58
Q

What was under the improved transportation factor?

A

railroads and Ocean shipping

59
Q

What was under the Growth in citites factor?

A

Increase in foreign immigration

60
Q

What was under the government support factor?

A

Loans to buisnesses
few regulations on business
high tarrifs (txes on imports)

61
Q

What did charles darwin say

A

Natural selection = only the fittest survive.

62
Q

Busisness owners beleived that society progressed through

A

natural competition

63
Q

who invented the bessemer process

A

Henry bessemer

64
Q

the bessemer process made big profits becuase

A

it had low production costs

65
Q

Who was the industrial leader for steel

A

Andrew carnegie

66
Q

Who was the industrial leader for oil

A

John D Rockefeller

67
Q

John D Rockefeller did what

A

Reduced consumer oil prices because he already bought all the production needs. He also made people go bankrupt if other businesses did not work with him

68
Q

What was the merger

A

The merger was the process and the end result was a trust
the trust is formed out of a merger.
“the combining of 2 or more competing firms to make one”
The purpose was the keep businesses from failing

69
Q

what are the 2 different kinds of mergers

A

Horizontal (rockfeller and oil)
vertical (you own the resources and transportation (carnegie)

70
Q

Who was the Largest merger

A

JP Morgan

71
Q

What was the main reasons immigration happened in the US

A

People flocked from nearby cities form nearby lands in search for
-jobs
- opportunity
-a better life

72
Q

name 2 things foreigners were subjected to through the processing of Ellis Island?

A
  • mental illness
  • contagious disease
  • criminals
  • means of support
  • serious health issued
73
Q

what happened if the immigrants didnt pass the physical exam

A

they were deported

74
Q

What problems evolved after taking in so many immigrants into cities

A

-. overcrowded subrubs
- poor sanitation
- violence
- politcal corruption

75
Q

What was the attraction to majors citites to immigrants

A

JOBS
- plays, concerts
- stores with new cloithes
- new technology
-Lesuirer time/ park sports
-Anonymity (hiding)

76
Q

Cities began to be divided into

A

Race-Ethnicity- Class

77
Q

Why were the cities being divided bad for African americans

A

they were still facing racial discrimination.
-Due to racial prejudice
- forced to live in small areas
- overcrowded living

78
Q

What was the nativist resposne to immigration

A

Nativist: favoring native born americans over foreigners
- too different to fit in
- spreading radical political ideas
- causing crime, poverty, and violence

79
Q

What did the Chinese exclusion act say

A
  • can no longer own property
  • can not hold certain jobs
  • no citizenship for chinese born people
80
Q

how did trusts corrupt the gov.

A

eliminated competition. often businesses that did not join went out of business.

81
Q

What were business influences on the government

A
  1. biz owners ran for the gov
  2. made big money contributions to politicians
  3. bribed legislators.
82
Q

Who became rich due to bribes?

A

the mayors of the cities becuase businesses would bribe them into making their businesses boom

83
Q

Who named the gilded age

A

Mark Twain

84
Q

Rich Business owners became known as? and why

A

Robber Barons
1. built million dollar homes
2. Bought expensive furnishing
3. threw outrageous/expesnvie parties

85
Q

what happeneds if farmers cant pay off their debts (loans )

A

banks took their farmers.

86
Q

two groups were formed to unite what were they

A

The national grange
Farmers alliance

87
Q

What was the national grange about

A
  • formed a CO-OP
    -shared: credit, supplies, and profiles
    -wanted: gov to lower railroad costs
88
Q

What was the farmers alliance about

A

-Also formed CO-OP
- offered low cost insurance
- lobbied: graduated tax rate

89
Q

what is Laissez fiare

A

Hands off”a policy of letting things businesses take their own course, without interfering.

90
Q

What was the new political party

A

populist (peoples party)

91
Q

what were the populist made of

A

made up of farmers and reformers (changers), and laborers

92
Q

what did the populist stand for?

A

Giving the government back to the people (reform)

93
Q

Why did the poopulist exist

A
  • tax the rich more
    -restrict immingration
  • shorter work day 8 hours
  • free coinage of silver
94
Q

What is the gold standard

A
  • only printed enough paper money as we had gold in banks
  • this restricted paper money in circulation
  • helped cause the 1870s/1890s depression
95
Q

What was the populists idea to fix not printing enough paper money

A

to use silver, this would cuase more circulation and farmers could get out of debt. Agricultural prices would rise.

96
Q

Who was the Republican running for president in 1896

A

William Mckinley
- supported big businesses and they donated millions

97
Q

Who was the Democrat running for president in 1896

A

William jennings Bryan
- believed in free silver (not populist but believed in some of the causes)
-he ran 3 times never made it

98
Q

Whats Allegory

A

the representation of abstract meanings through the actions of fictional characters that serve as symbols (ON THE TEST)

99
Q

Who wrote the Wonderful Wizard of Oz

A

L frank Balm

100
Q

What did Oz stand for in wizard of oz

A

Ounces, of gold and silver

101
Q

Who did Dorthy represent?

A

the american people

102
Q

The yellow brick road represented

A

a paved path of gold bricks (gold)

103
Q

what did dorthy’s shoes represent

A

silver standard to solve problems

104
Q

What does the scarcrow represent

A

farmers with no brains

105
Q

What does the tin man represent

A

workers with no heart

106
Q

what does the cowerdly lion represent

A

william Jennings bryan

107
Q

the emerald city represents

A

Washington DC money

108
Q

Glenda the good which of the North represents

A

new england the northern populist`

109
Q

Wicked witch of the west represents

A

dangerous american western frontier

110
Q

flying monkeys represent

A

another western danger - the plains indians

111
Q

the wicked witch of the east represents

A

the bankers robber barons of industry

112
Q

the munckins represnt

A

works and slaves of big business also child labor

113
Q

the wizard represents

A

president Mckinley becuase he was thought to be a deceptive person

114
Q

What was the progressive movement

A

populist protested unfair busisness practices, pushed for gov action, mainly a RUAL MOVEMENT (FARMERS)

115
Q

what is the progressive movement

A

a set of principles dedicated to reforming social issues
- focused on URBAN PROBLEMS (CITIES)

116
Q

What were the urban/social problems

A
  • neg effects of industrialism
  • unethical busisness monopolies
    -unequal distribution of wealth
  • political corruption /machines
  • urban decay/poor sanitation
  • worker exploitation
117
Q

What is the Direct Primary

A

An election open to all voters within a political party to choose its candidates

118
Q

What is the inititave

A

Allows citizens to introduce bills into the legislature

119
Q

What is the recall

A

Gives citizens to introduce bills into the legislature.

120
Q

What did the political reform include

A

the direct primary
- the inititave
-the recall

121
Q

what was the 16th amendment

A

(federal income tax)

122
Q

17th amendment was about

A

Public direct election of senators

123
Q

what was the 18th amendment about

A

prohubition of alcohol (thought to remove problems)

124
Q

what was the 19th amendment about

A

womans sufferage voting

125
Q

What was the economic reform (at the end )

A

Regulations on big businesses
Care for injured workers
Working day limit (10 hours)

US History (8 decks)

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