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PS CB > Unit 3 > Flashcards

Unit 3 Flashcards

1
Q

Contact evidence

A 
Fingerprints
DNA 
Shoe impressions 
Hairs and fibres 
Marks 
Paint and Glass 
Cross contamination
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2
Q

Initial Action at a Crime Scene

A

APC

Assess
Protect (cordons and tents)
Communicate (csm & serg)

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3
Q

Notebook entry at crime scene

A

Time called to scene & time of arrival
People present on arrival.
Weather conditions
Exact position of key evidence (body, weapon)
Exact positions of object around the scene
Signs of a struggle
Location of keys. - doors open, locked or broken.
Sketch of the scene
Odours
Lights on or off
Other present at the scene.

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4
Q

Eye witness description of suspect.

A 
A - age
B - build
C - 
D - 
E - 
F - 
G - 
H - 
I - 
J - 
\+ 
S
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5
Q

Details of a suspect

A

Time - how long

Distance - from how far away

Light - how was the visibility? Day light / night?

Previously seen - seen them before or remembered them for any particular reason

Observation - was it clear or impeded

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6
Q

Essentials required to prove guilt.

A

C R I E S

Crime has been committed 
Relevant charge to the crime 
Id of the accused as suspect
Evidence is competent/ admissible 
Sufficient evidence.
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7
Q

Hearsay evidence.

A

C I D

Caution - said under caution

Involuntary- explication made by someone at the time of the relevant incident.

Death - on their death bed made by a witness. Dying deposition.

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8
Q

MAGICOP - sufficiency of evidence.

A 
M - 
A - 
G - 
I - 
C - 
O -
P -
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9
Q

Moorov Doctrine and Howden principle

A

Moorov (more of)
Two or more crimes committed but same offender BUT only one eye witness to each crime.
Eg flasher

Howden (how done)
No identification but the offences are similar so accused may be convicted.
Eg Housebreaking

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10
Q

Circumstantial evidence.

A

Each fact and circumstance inferring the guilt of the accused
The more corroboration is secured and the stronger the cable becomes.

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11
Q

When to arrest.

A

R A I S E + I N G

Refusing to desist
Abode. 
Interest of public safety 
Satisfaction of name (cannot verify)
Evident intention to abscond 
\+ 
Interview 
Note - witness statements, dither enquiry
Get samples
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12
Q

Advantages of arrest

A

S P I N F R E D

Search 
Photograph 
Id parade 
Non invasive samples 
Finger prints 
Restrain and control 
Examine injuries. 
Dental impressions, other invasive samples
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13
Q

Information soon arrest.

A

I N R A N S

Inform under arrest 
Nature of the offence. 
Reason for arrest. 
Administrated caution 
Note any replies. 
Solicitor
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14
Q

Not officially accused

A 
Can be held for a maximum of 12hours. 
Authorised by the custody sergeant. 
Will be reviewed after 6 hours. 
Extensions - 
Over 18 an inspector 
Under 18 a chief inspector
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15
Q

Section 90 & 91 police and fire reform Scotland act 2012

A 
90 
To obstruct, 
Resist, 
Assault or 
Hinder 
A police officer.

91
To remove a person from custody
Or
Assist the escape from custody.

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16
Q

The charge

A
  1. Date of offence (when)
  2. Locus (where)
  3. The accused (who)
  4. Nature of the crime / offence (what)
  5. Mode of prep (how)
  6. Value of property (of relevant)
  7. Statue contravened (where appropriate)
17
Q

P L A N E

A 
P - proportionate
L - legal
A - accountable 
N - necessary 
E - ethical
18
Q

Risk factors to consider prior to arrest

A 
Head injuries or other injuries. 
Physical disability 
Alcohol / drug dependences 
Withdrawal symptoms
Attempts or thoughts of self harm 
Mental health ongoing medical conditions
Medication 
Dental / medical implants 
Difficulty reading or writing 
Pregnant 
HM armed forces 
Compliance
19
Q

Levels of search

A

Standard (operational or custody)
Strip (custody only)
Intimate (custody only )

20
Q

Vulnerability assessment questions (VAQ)

Suicide prevention questions

A

21 questions.
Custody sergeant will decide to grade them high or low.
Establishing the risk, care plan and consider observation levels 15/30/60 mins.

9 suicide qs

21
Q

Custody disposals

A

Release for report (summons)
Release on undertaking (agree court date and bail with conditions)
Keep in custody pending court appearance the next lawful day

22
Q

Types of warrants

A

Apprehension warrant (arrest)
Means enquiry warrant (unpaid fine)
Extract conviction warrant (unpaid fine offered as a alternative to prison, straight to jail so not pass go (custody))
Witness warrant (must attend court)
Breach of home detention curfew warrant (arrest taken to court)
Revocation of licence warrant (arrest go to jail)

23
Q

Checks prior to executing a warrant

A

A R M R E S T

A - accused personal details 
R - reason for arrest or charge. 
M - means enquiry amount (if relevant)
R - remember to check date of issue. 
E - extent of police powers 
S - signature of issuing authority 
T - the date and court sentenced

Check to warrant to current and live.

24
Q

Categories of warrants & Timescales.

A

A - very serious offences, failure or appear in high court, substantial risk to public, cases with sexual element, agreed is a local priority.

B - not cat A but involves use or possession of weapons, radically aggravated, domestic violence, serious RTA offences.

C - not A or B

Unclassified - unpaid financial penalties. Eg means enquiry

Timescales
A - 21 days 
B - 28 days 
C - 60 days 
Unclassified- local agreement.
25
Q

Categories of Standard Prosecution Report (SPR) & priority type.

A

Categories

  1. Common Law
  2. Statutory
  3. Road Traffic

Priority

  1. Custody Report (a person will appear in court from custody, serious crime)
  2. Summons/ Warrant Report (any summons report or report for warrant)
  3. Undertaking Report (if breached bail can be released from court with conditions)
26
Q

Direct measure - non reported options

A

Discretionary (verbal) warnings
Recorded police warnings (RPW)
Antisocial Behaviour fixed penalty notices (ASB FPN)

27
Q

RPW & FPN

A

Must be 16 or over without a CSO

RPW
On record for 2 year and live for 3 months
Not to exceed -
More than 1 in 3 months or 3 in 12 months (over 18)
More than 2 in 3 months or 4 in 12 months.

FPN
£40 paid within 28days increases to £60 after. If offender has been recently (in the last 6months) issued more than one ASB FPN for the same offence.

28
Q

Statement taking disclosable evidence

What are the two types of evidence?

A

Inculpatory - evidence that points to the guilt of the accused
Exculpatory - evidence which points to the innocence of the accused.

29
Q

Signs of trauma

A 
Depression 
Crying 
Numbness
Flashbacks 
Stress
Feeling sick 
Feeling of shame /guilt 
Social isolation 
Triggers

These symptoms can be overwhelming and lead to other issues such as alcohol and substance misuse, self harm and disassociation.

30
Q

Human rights articles

A 
Article 2 - right to life 
Article 3 - prohibition of torture 
5 - right to Liberty and security 
6 - right to a fair trial 
8 - right to respect for private and family life 
14 - prohibition of discrimination
31
Q

Different types of a production

A 
D A C A 
Document 
Article 
Connected with the crime 
Any other thing
32
Q

Advantages of airwaves

A 
Improved officer safety 
Clarity of radio voice transmissions 
Secure, encrypted communications for all users
Extended coverage
Other functions- phone & text.
33
Q

Advantages of airwaves

A 
Improved officer safety 
Clarity of radio voice transmissions 
Secure, encrypted communications for all users 
Extended coverage. 
Other functions - phone text.
34
Q

Talk groups on the airwaves.

A

Talkgroups
Primary talkgroups
Trucked mode operation
Direct mode operation (walkie talkie- no signal)
Emergency button (red button)
Point to point (need anything from the coop)
Transmit inhibit (when in ambulance or road side drink test)
Phone calls and texts.

35
Q

Lights on airwaves

A 
Green - in use. 
Green flashing - reception 
Red - no reception 
Red flashing - connecting to network. 
Yellow - TXI (transmit inhibit)
Black - switched off
36
Q

Airwave speak - basic rules of communication

A 
A B C D 
A - accuracy 
B - brevity 
C - clarity 
D - discipline
37
Q

Interview questioning skills - open questions

A

T E D

Tell
Explain
Describe

38
Q

The PRICE interview model

A

P R I C E

Planning & preparation
Rapport
Information 
Clarify and confirm 
Evaluate
39
Q

Witness interview structure

A

Intro / assess welfare / consider vulnerabilities
Interview principles explained
First free recall - “tell me what happened…”
Gather info from relevant stages using appropriate topics
- before
- during
- after the incident
Clarify - make sure both understand events
Evaluate- next statement notation or further interview
Signpost witness - inform them of the next steps.

PS CB (9 decks)

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