Unit 2.1a: Producing New Cells Flashcards
How many chromosomes do human body cells contain?
46 chromosomes
How are the chromosomes in human body cells arranged?
Into 23 pairs
How many sets of chromosomes does each body cell contain?
2 sets
Where does the sets of chromosomes in each body cell come from?
One set from the mother and one from the father
What is a diploid cell?
Two sets of matching chromosomes in one cell
What is a diploid chromosome complement?
The number of chromosomes a diploid cell contains
What is the chromosome complement of human cells?
46
What is the chromosome complement of human cells?
46
What are chromosomes made of?
Two chromatids joined together at the centromere
What does DNA replication do?
DNA replication makes a copy of each chromosome and before mitosis and cell division, they are joined together.
What is a chromatid?
One half of a duplicated chromosome
What is the combination of 2 joined chromatids called?
One chromosome.
What happens when unicellular organisms divide?
They form a complete copy of themselves
Why do multicellular organisms divide?
To produce new cells for growth, repair of damages tissues and replacement of dead or damaged cells
