Unit 2 Vocab

Question 1

computing device

Answer 1

a machine that can run a program, including computers, tablets, servers, routers, and smart sensors

Question 2

computing system

Answer 2

a group of computing devices and programs working together for a common purpose

Question 3

computing network

Answer 3

a group of interconnected computing devices capable of sending or receiving data

Question 4

path

Answer 4

the series of connections between computing devices on a network starting with a sender and ending with a receiver

Question 5

bandwidth

Answer 5

the max amount of data that can be set in a fixed amount of time, usually measured in bits per second

Question 6

protocol

Answer 6

an agreed-upon set of rules that specify the behavior of some system

Question 7

IP Address

Answer 7

the unique number assigned to each device on the Internet

Question 8

Internet Protocol (IP)

Answer 8

a protocol for sending data across the Internet that assigns unique numbers (IP Addresses) to each connected device

Question 9

Router

Answer 9

a type of computer that forwards data across a network

Question 10

redundancy

Answer 10

the inclusion of extra components so that a system can continue to work even if individual components fail, for example, by having more than one path between any two connected devices in a network

Question 11

fault tolerant

Answer 11

can continue to function even in the event of individual component failures. this is important because elements of complex systems like a computer network fail at unexpected times, often in groups

Question 12

datastream

Answer 12

information passed through the internet in packets

Question 13

packet

Answer 13

a chunk of data sent over a network. larger messages are divided into packets that may arrive at the destination in order, out-of-order, or not at all

Question 14

packet metadata

Answer 14

data added to packets to help route them through the network and reassemble the original message

Question 15

transmission control protocol (tcp)

Answer 15

a protocol for sending packets that does error-checking to ensure all packets are received and properly ordered

Question 16

transmission control protocol (TCP)

Answer 16

a protocol for sending packets that does error-checking to ensure all packets are received and properly ordered

Question 17

user datagram protocol (UDP)

Answer 17

a protocol for sending packets quickly with minimal error-checking and no resending of dropped packets

Question 18

scalability

Answer 18

the capacity for the system to change in size and scale to meet new demands

Question 19

world wide web

Answer 19

a system of linked pages, programs, and files

Question 20

the domain name system (DNS)

Answer 20

the system responsible for translating domain names like example.com into IP addresses

Question 21

Hypertext transfer protocol (HTTP)

Answer 21

a protocol for computers to request and share the pages that make up the world wide web on the Internet

Question 22

hypertext markup language (HTML)

Answer 22

the standard markup language for documents designed to be displayed in a web browser

Question 23

secure sockets layer (SSL)

Answer 23

a standard security technology for establishing an encrypted link between a server and a client- typically a web server

Question 24

transport layer security (TLS)

Answer 24

a cryptographic protocol designed to provide communications security over a computer network

Question 25

digital certificate

Answer 25

a file that verifies the identity of a device or user and enables encrypted connections