unit 10

Question 1

PII

Answer 1

Personally Identifiable Information

Question 2

what is PII

Answer 2

information about an individual that identifies, links, relates, or describes them

Question 3

what does technology enable?

Answer 3

the collection, use, and exploitation about, by and for individuals, groups, and institutions

Question 4

what can be used to create knowledge about an individual?

Answer 4

geolocation, cookies, and browsing history

Question 5

what do most digital technology need to work?

Answer 5

some sort of PII (street navigation needs location)

Question 6

what is another reason why a website would collect more data?

Answer 6

to improve their services

Question 7

services and websites collect info that can be used to do what?

Answer 7

advertise to you by creating detailed profiles of who you are and what you like

Question 8

what can search engines do? what can this be used for?

Answer 8

record and maintain a history of searches made by users;
info can be used to suggest websites or for target marketing

Question 9

once data is made digital and shared online, what happens to it?

Answer 9

it is much harder to control

Question 10

what can PII used to do in a negative way?

Answer 10

steal the identity of a person, or stalk them online

Question 11

what happens with information that is often posted social media?

Answer 11

can be combined to create a profile on you

Question 12

phishing

Answer 12

a technique that attempts to trick a user into providing personal information and then be used to access sensitive online info like bank accounts and emails

Question 13

keylogging

Answer 13

the use of a program to record every keystroke made by a computer user in order to gain fraudulent access to passwords and other confidential info

Question 14

malware

Answer 14

software intended to damage a computing system or take partial control over its operation

Question 15

rogue access point

Answer 15

a wireless access point that gives unauthorized access to secure networks

Question 16

encryption

Answer 16

a process of encoding messages to keep them secret, so only “authorized” parties can read it

Question 17

decryption

Answer 17

a process that reverses encryption, taking a secret message and reproducing the original plain text

Question 18

cipher

Answer 18

the generic term for a technique (or algorithm) that performs encryption

Question 19

Caesar’s Cipher

Answer 19

a technique for encryption that shifts the alphabet by some number of characters

Question 20

cracking encryption

Answer 20

when you attempt to decode a secret message without knowing all the specifics of the cipher, you are trying to crack the encryption

Question 21

symmetric key encryption

Answer 21

involved one key for both encryption and decryption

Question 22

public key encryption/asymmetric encryption

Answer 22

pairs a public key for encryption and a private key for decryption
sender does not need receiver’s private key to encrypt a message, but receiver’s private key is required to decrypt the message

Question 23

what can you do to protect you data?

Answer 23

use multifactor authentication
update software

Question 24

single factor authentication

Answer 24

something you know (password)

Question 25

two factor authentication

Answer 25

something you know (password)
something you possess (phone)

Question 26

multifactor authentication (at least two)

Answer 26

something you know (password)
something you possess (phone)
something you are (fingerprint)

Question 27

multifactor authentication

Answer 27

a methods of computer access in which a user has to successfully provide evidence in at least two of the following categories : knowledge, possession, and inherence
each step provides a new layer of security

Question 28

computer virus scanning software

Answer 28

protects a computing system against infection

Question 29

ransomware

Answer 29

encrypts all your files locking you out and denying access
then hacker asks for a ransom to gain back access

Question 30

what is malware a combination of?

Answer 30

malicious and software

Question 31

spear phishing

Answer 31

same as phishing, but targets a specific person with personal information making it more believable

Question 32

techniques spear phishers use

Answer 32

urgency
authority
mimicry
curiosity

Question 33

how are things hijacked?

Answer 33

exploiting vulnerabilities in hardware and software or more often by taking advantage of unintentional decisions made by the people using the software.

Question 34

computer virus

Answer 34

similar to a biology virus that infects, injects, and spreads
an executable program that gets installed, usually unintentionally, and harms the user and their computer and spreads to other computers

Question 35

distributed denial of service

Answer 35

using computer viruses, hackers can take over millions of computers and use them as a botnet to attack and take down websites

it’s a denial of service where the attack comes from many computers

Question 36

botnet

Answer 36

digital army

Question 37

denial of service

Answer 37

when a hacker overwhelms a website with too many requests

Question 38

what is the cause of hacking?

Answer 38

most of the time it’s a simple mistake by humans

Question 39

steps to take to avoid getting hacked

Answer 39

strong passwords
check for authentic web addresses
install system security updates often
dont install software you dont trust