Unit 2: Vascular Disease & Endothelial Dysfunction Flashcards
What type of disorder is hypertension?
Blood vessel
Hypertension is linked to what type of ageing?
Vascular
The 3 major causes for vascular aging are…
1) Progressive arterial stiffness
2) Loss of arterial elasticity
3) Pulse pressure
Name the dysfunction that precedes hypertension
Endothelial Dysfunction (ED)
The hypertension syndrome consists of
1) Decreased arterial compliance
2) Endothelial dysfunction
3) Abnormal glucose metabolism
4) Neurohormonal dysfunction
5) Renal-function changes
6) Blood-clotting mechanism changes
7) Abnormal insulin metabolism
8) Left Ventricular (LV) hypertrophy and dysfunction
9) Accelerated atherogenesis
10) Abnormal lipid metabolism
11) Obesity
What are the metabolic syndrome associated with Cardiovascular (CV) risk factor
1) Insulin resistance
2) Hypertension
3) Obesity
4) Hyperinsulinemia
5) Diabetes
6) Hypertriglyceridermia
7) Small, dense LDL
8) Low HDL-C
9) Hypercoagulability (increase risk of blood clotting or thrombosis)
Atherosclerosis has a direct relationship with Endothelial Dysfunction. True or False?
True
Hypertension is more prevalent in the diabetic population compared to the normal population by how many times?
1.5 to 3
What’s the percentage of type 2 diabetes patients who develop hypertension?
Up to 60%
What increase in the diastolic (DBP) and systolic (SBP) is associated with an increase in CVD of 20% to 30%
5 mmHg
Diastolic (DBP) is the top or bottom reading?
Bottom
What are the 4 high risk bacteria implicated in increase in systolic blood pressure by 9mmHg and diastolic 5mmHg?
Aa, Tf, Td, Pg. These bacteria cause inflammation in the artery, which results in hypertension
Can lead poisoning / accumulation result in hypertension, heart disease and chronic kidney disease?
Yes
Can mercury cause coronary artery disease?
Yes
