Unit 2 Test Vocab Flashcards
Qualitive
Measurements that involve descriptions of physical characteristics; no numbers
Quantitive
Measurements that involve numbers
Physical Properties
Properties that describe the look or feel of a substance
Chemical properties
A property of matter that shows a change in composition (chemical formula)
Polarity
The electrical charge of the molecule isn’t evenly distributed, the atoms are not in a straight line
Universal solvent
Ability to dissolve a multitude if different polar substances
Density (properties of water)
Due to its polar nature, solid water (ice) expands as it freezes and ice FLOATS on liquid water
Cohesive
Attracted to itself (sticks to itself)
Capillary action
The ability to travel and diffuse through small tubes and spaces to expand itself
Surface tension
The tension of the surface of the liquid caused by the attraction of particles on the surface level. Resists pressure
Adhesive
Sticks to others or something else well
High specific heat capacity (properties of water)
Water requires a high amount of energy to heat itself up, but holds heat well
Solubility
The ability for one substance to dissolve into another substance
Solute
The substance or particle being dissolved
Solvent
The substance that dissolves the solute, creating a solution
Concentration (relative)
The measurement of a solute that is dissolved into the solvent
Molarity
When a solution needs to be described in a quantitive way
Soluble
Is able to be dissolved into the solvent it is placed into
Insoluble
It is not able to be dissolved into the solvent it is placed into
Unsaturated solutions
A solution in which more solute can be dissolved
Saturated solutions
Contains the max amount of solute able to be dissolved into a certain amount of solvent at specific conditions.
Supersaturated solutions
Have more solute dissolved into solution that should be able to
Filtration
Liquid and solid components that can be separated by pouring through filter paper
Chromography
Allow a mixture to flow along a stationary substance and components sperate out based on attraction to the stationary substance
Crystallization
Allow a mixture to evaporate partially
Distillation
Components separate by boiling point
Electrolysis
To tear apart with electricity; an electrical current will pass through the substance, if it is a compound it will be broken into elements
Humidity
The measure of the amount of water vapor in the air
Transpiration
When the pores of the plant’s leaves are opened and the water is converted into gas
Runoff
Flowing water
Frost wedging
Physical weathering where rock is split apart by the expansion of water freezing in small cracks
Rootwedging
Plants and trees send out roots to seek water and nutrients from the ground; the roots can move into small spaces and cracks in their search
Abrasion
Wind and water can carry tiny particles of debris; when these particles are washed against or blown past rock to wear it down
Erosion
Wind and water carry tiny particles of debris to slowly reshape the land
Despostion
The process that as water wears down the land, it takes the land and minerals with it and deposits it to a new site
The physical and chemical alteration of the rocks near or at the Earth’s surface
Weathering
