Unit 2 Test Review

Question 1

What is an element?

Answer 1

Purest form of a substance

Question 2

What is a molecule?

Answer 2

Two or more atoms bonded together

Question 3

What is a compound?

Answer 3

Two or more different elements bonded together

Question 4

What determines the behavior of an atom?

Answer 4

The number of electrons in the outer layer of the atom (octet rule- trying to get a full valence layer)

Question 5

What is an atom’s atomic number?

Answer 5

The number of protons

Question 6

What is an atom’s atomic mass?

Answer 6

How much stuff is in the atom

Question 7

What is an ionic bond?

Answer 7

When ions (cations and anions) bond together

Question 8

What is a hydrogen bond?

Answer 8

Weak attraction formed between the positive end of one polar molecule & the negative end of another

Question 9

What is a covalent bond?

Answer 9

Two or more elements bonded together

Question 10

What is an ion?

Answer 10

An atom that has gained or lost an electron

Question 11

What is an isotope?

Answer 11

Different forms of the same element with a different number of neutrons

Question 12

What is a polar molecule?

Answer 12

A molecule with a slightly positive and slightly negative end

Question 13

What is the difference between an acid and a base?

Answer 13

Acids release hydrogen ions (H+) in water where bases release OH- ions in water

Question 14

What is pH?

Answer 14

Concentration of hydrogen ions in a solution

Question 15

How is pH concentration determined?

Answer 15

pH will be higher (basic) if there are more OH- ions in the solution, and will be lower (acidic) if there are more H+ ions in a solution

Question 16

What are buffers?

Answer 16

A solution that resists pH change with the addition of an acid or a base

Question 17

What is an electrolyte?

Answer 17

Substances that release ions in water

Question 18

What is the difference between an organic and inorganic molecule?

Answer 18

Organic molecules contain C and H, where inorganic molecules often do not have C and are smaller

Question 19

What is an enzyme?

Answer 19

Acts as a catalyst in chemical reactions to regulate the reaction

Question 20

Why is it dangerous, based on biomolecules, to run a high fever?

Answer 20

If your temperature gets too high, it can break down your enzymes, which can cause huge disruptions in your body

Question 21

Why don’t oil and water mix?

Answer 21

Oil does not have any polar part of it (it is a nonpolar molecule), and therefore would have to break apart the water to bond, which water won’t do

Question 22

Name at least 2 biomolecules, their monomers, functions, and examples

Answer 22

Matching; just know what the 4 types do (in notes)