Unit 1 Test Review Flashcards
3 functions of membranes
Attaches, supports, protects, lubricates
What are the membranes that surround thoratic organs called?
Visceral pleura membranes
What are the membranes that surround the wall of the abdominal cavity called?
Parietal peritoneal membranes
What is the name of the membrane that surrounds the heart?
Pericardial membrane
What organs are in the Cranial Cavity?
The brain
What organs are in the Vertebral Cavity?
The spinal cord
What organs are in the Thoratic Cavity?
The diaphragm, heart, and lungs
What organs are in the Abdominal Cavity?
The liver, stomach, spleen, gall bladder, appendix, pancreas, and the intestines
What organs are in the Pelvic Cavity?
The bladder, and the internal sex organs
What is the correct order of the levels of organization in the body?
Atoms -> molecules -> organelles -> cells -> tissue -> organ -> organ system -> organism
Superior
Above
Inferior
Below
Anterior
Front
Posterior
Back
Medial
Middle
Lateral
Side
Proximal
close to area of interest
Distal
Far from area of interest
Superficial
Near surface
Deep
Away from surface
Dorsal
Back
Ventral
Belly
Sagittal Plane
Divides body into left and right halves
Transverse Plane
Divides body into top and bottom halves
Coronal/Frontal Plane
Divides body into front and back halves
Movement
Change in position; motion
Responsiveness
Reaction to change
Growth
Increase in body size
Reproduction
Production of new organisms and cells
Respiration
Obtainment of oxygen and removal of carbon dioxide; releasing energy from food
Digestion
Breakdown of food into simpler forms
Absorption
Passage of substances through membranes into body fluids
Circulation
Movement of substances in body fluids
Assimilation
Build nutrients into different forms we need and use
Excretion
Removal of wastes produced by metabolic reactions
Food
Gives us energy and nutrients
Oxygen
Releases energy
Sleep
Rebuilding of cells & important for memory and rest
Heat
Form of energy; controls rate of metabolic reactions
Pressure
Needed for breathing and blood flow
Water
Needed for metabolism and blood; transport of substances; holds heat (controls temp); needed for chemical reactions
Negative feedback mechanism
Body is out of wack and works to get back to normal; shivers, blood vessel dilation/expansion, goosebumps, sweat
Positive feedback mechanism
Body gets out of wack and works to get further out of wack; childbirth, cuts
