Unit 2 Test: Definitions Flashcards
Endogamy
Marriage within a particular group
Exogamy
Marriage outside the group
Patrilocal
Married couple lives in the locality associated with the husband’s father’s relatives.
Matrilocal
Married couple lives in the locality associated with the wife’s relatives.
Ambilocal
Married couple may choose either matrilocal or patrilocal residence.
Neolocal
Married couples may establish their household in a location apart from either the husbands or the wife’s relative
Polygamy
More than one spouse
Polygyny
multiple wives, one husband
Polyandry
Multiple husbands, one wife
Polyamorous marriage
Union between three or more consenting adults.
Co-marriage
Partnership not permanent, but as strong as kinship.
Fictive marriage/Ghost marriage
Marriage by proxy to the symbols of someone not physically present to establish social status of a spouse and heirs.
Consanguineal
Related by genetics (blood relatives)
Affinal
Related by marriage
Unilineal
Establishes group membership through mothers or fathers line, but not both.
Matrilineal
Traced exclusively via the female line to establish group membership.
Patrilineal
Traced exclusively via the male line to establish group membership.
Social Stratification
Hierarchical divisions in society are arranged based on access to wealth, power and prestige.
Open Stratification System
- Equal Opportunity
- Can move up or down in status
Closed Stratification System
- Inheritance determines social rank
- Change is minimal
Middle Class
British Term –> when you aren’t quite upper class or lower class.
Systemic Discrimination
Institutionalized systems and practices that result in arbitrary exclusions for persons who by reason of their group affiliation are systematically denied a full opportunity to demonstrate their individual abilities.
Diaspora
the dispersion or spread of a people from their original homeland
Cultural Transmission
- The way a group of people within a culture or society tend to learn or pass on new information.
- Learned through experience and participation.
Cultural Transmission: Directly
Purposeful decisions made inside the family.
Cultural Transmission: Indirectly
Social imitation and learning.
Influences: parents, family, friends, celebrities.
Cultural Transmission: Vertical Transmission
Parents and offspring.
Cultural Transmission: Horizontal Transmission
Peers within the same age group.
Cultural Transmission: Oblique Transmission
Older to younger individuals.
Relationship is irrelevant.
Cultural Transmission: Enculturation
Process by which a child acquires her or his own culture.
Cultural Transmission: Intercultural Competence
Ability to communicate successfully with people of other cultures.
Cultural Transmission: Symbolic Meaning
Meaning conveyed through language.
Cultural Retention
- Act of maintaining culture, especially when there is a reason to believe that the culture may be lost.
- Important for hyphenated groups, marginalized people.
Cultural Retention
- Act of maintaining culture, especially when there is a reason to believe that the culture may be lost.
- Important for hyphenated groups, marginalized people.
Kalo (Hawaiian)
Kalo is a plant that is extremely nutritious and has a little bit of protein.
Poi (Hawaiian)
- Poi is a starch that has its own unique flavour.
- Made from Kalo.
