Unit 2 Test: Definitions

Question 1

Endogamy

Answer 1

Marriage within a particular group

Question 2

Exogamy

Answer 2

Marriage outside the group

Question 3

Patrilocal

Answer 3

Married couple lives in the locality associated with the husband’s father’s relatives.

Question 4

Matrilocal

Answer 4

Married couple lives in the locality associated with the wife’s relatives.

Question 5

Ambilocal

Answer 5

Married couple may choose either matrilocal or patrilocal residence.

Question 6

Neolocal

Answer 6

Married couples may establish their household in a location apart from either the husbands or the wife’s relative

Question 7

Polygamy

Answer 7

More than one spouse

Question 8

Polygyny

Answer 8

multiple wives, one husband

Question 9

Polyandry

Answer 9

Multiple husbands, one wife

Question 10

Polyamorous marriage

Answer 10

Union between three or more consenting adults.

Question 11

Co-marriage

Answer 11

Partnership not permanent, but as strong as kinship.

Question 12

Fictive marriage/Ghost marriage

Answer 12

Marriage by proxy to the symbols of someone not physically present to establish social status of a spouse and heirs.

Question 13

Consanguineal

Answer 13

Related by genetics (blood relatives)

Question 14

Affinal

Answer 14

Related by marriage

Question 15

Unilineal

Answer 15

Establishes group membership through mothers or fathers line, but not both.

Question 16

Matrilineal

Answer 16

Traced exclusively via the female line to establish group membership.

Question 17

Patrilineal

Answer 17

Traced exclusively via the male line to establish group membership.

Question 18

Social Stratification

Answer 18

Hierarchical divisions in society are arranged based on access to wealth, power and prestige.

Question 19

Open Stratification System

Answer 19

• Equal Opportunity
• Can move up or down in status

Question 20

Closed Stratification System

Answer 20

• Inheritance determines social rank
• Change is minimal

Question 21

Middle Class

Answer 21

British Term –> when you aren’t quite upper class or lower class.

Question 22

Systemic Discrimination

Answer 22

Institutionalized systems and practices that result in arbitrary exclusions for persons who by reason of their group affiliation are systematically denied a full opportunity to demonstrate their individual abilities.

Question 23

Diaspora

Answer 23

the dispersion or spread of a people from their original homeland

Question 24

Cultural Transmission

Answer 24

• The way a group of people within a culture or society tend to learn or pass on new information.
• Learned through experience and participation.

Question 25

Cultural Transmission: Directly

Answer 25

Purposeful decisions made inside the family.

Question 26

Cultural Transmission: Indirectly

Answer 26

Social imitation and learning. Influences: parents, family, friends, celebrities.

Question 27

Cultural Transmission: Vertical Transmission

Answer 27

Parents and offspring.

Question 28

Cultural Transmission: Horizontal Transmission

Answer 28

Peers within the same age group.

Question 29

Cultural Transmission: Oblique Transmission

Answer 29

Older to younger individuals. Relationship is irrelevant.

Question 30

Cultural Transmission: Enculturation

Answer 30

Process by which a child acquires her or his own culture.

Question 31

Cultural Transmission: Intercultural Competence

Answer 31

Ability to communicate successfully with people of other cultures.

Question 32

Cultural Transmission: Symbolic Meaning

Answer 32

Meaning conveyed through language.

Question 33

Cultural Retention

Answer 33

- Act of maintaining culture, especially when there is a reason to believe that the culture may be lost. - Important for hyphenated groups, marginalized people.

Question 34

Cultural Retention

Answer 34

- Act of maintaining culture, especially when there is a reason to believe that the culture may be lost. - Important for hyphenated groups, marginalized people.

Question 35

Kalo (Hawaiian)

Answer 35

Kalo is a plant that is extremely nutritious and has a little bit of protein.

Question 36

Poi (Hawaiian)

Answer 36

- Poi is a starch that has its own unique flavour. - Made from Kalo.