Unit 2 Test

Question 1

organisms that get food from something else

Answer 1

heterotrophic

Question 2

a fungal network of thin hyphae

Answer 2

mycelium

Question 3

what is chitin’s purpose in fungus cell walls

Answer 3

to protect hyphae from digestive enzymes

Question 4

what part of the fungus grows at the end of the mycelium

Answer 4

the reproductive structures (mushrooms, puffballs)

Question 5

organisms that digest the bodies of dead organisms

Answer 5

sapbrobes

Question 6

how does fungi digest their food

Answer 6

by secreting digestive enzymes from the hyphae, the materials are broken down, the hyphae absorb the nutrients, and the extra nutrients are released into the ecosystem

Question 7

how do fungi sexually reproduce

Answer 7

by releasing spores, allowing for adaptation because of the mixing of genetics

Question 8

how do fungi asexually reproduce

Answer 8

when the mycelial network is broken apart

Question 9

a symbiotic relationship between a fungi and a blue green algae or cyanobacteria

Answer 9

lichens

Question 10

a symbiotic relationship between a fungi and the roots of a certain plant

Answer 10

mycorrhizae

Question 11

fungi that produce a sack like case (Ascus) during reproduction

Answer 11

sac fungi (ascomycota)

Question 12

fungi that produce the classic mushroom

Answer 12

club fungi (basidiomycota)

Question 13

the imperfect, very diverse fungi

Answer 13

deuteromycota

Question 14

these are all eukaryotic, multicellular, photosynthetic organisms

Answer 14

plants

Question 15

vascular plants with roots

Answer 15

tracheophytes

Question 16

mosses and liverworts

Answer 16

bryophytes

Question 17

the switching between haploid and diploid offspring during a plants’ cycle of reproduction

Answer 17

alternation of generations

Question 18

bryophyta have root like structures called _________

Answer 18

rhizoids

Question 19

what do bryophyta need for reproduction

Answer 19

water

Question 20

how do tracheophytes transport water and nutrients

Answer 20

vascular tissue

Question 21

examples of seedless vascular plants

Answer 21

mosses and ferns

Question 22

what reproductive adaptations do seed plants have over seedless plants

Answer 22

seeds and pollen

Question 23

pollen is the _______ gametophyte

Answer 23

male

Question 24

seeds are an embryonic _______ and _______

Answer 24

plant, food

Question 25

stands for "naked seed"

Answer 25

gymnosperms

Question 26

these have flowers, fruit, and broad leaves

Answer 26

angiosperms

Question 27

the sole purpose of a flower

Answer 27

to attract pollinators

Question 28

the sole purpose of fruit

Answer 28

attracting animals to eat it so the seeds can be dispersed by the animal

Question 29

1 seed leaf angiosperms

Answer 29

monocotyledons

Question 30

2 seed leaves angiosperms

Answer 30

dicotyledons

Question 31

the 3 germ layers

Answer 31

ectoderm, mesoderm, and endoderm

Question 32

germ layer that is the epithelial and nervous tissue

Answer 32

ectoderm

Question 33

germ layer that is the muscular, circulatory, and skeletal tissue

Answer 33

mesoderm

Question 34

germ layer that gives rise to internal organs

Answer 34

endoderm

Question 35

symmetry where a plane could be passed through a central axis and divide the organism into 2 equal halves

Answer 35

radial symmetry

Question 36

symmetry where a plane could only be passed one way through the central axis to divide the organism into 2 equal halves

Answer 36

bilateral symmetry

Question 37

symmetry that has no symmetry

Answer 37

free form

Question 38

the grouping of sensory organs at one end of the organism

Answer 38

cephalization

Question 39

space between the gut and body wall used to house organs

Answer 39

coelom

Question 40

organisms with no body cavity and are less complex

Answer 40

acoelomates

Question 41

organisms that have a partially lined cavity and are a little more complex

Answer 41

pseudocoelomates

Question 42

organisms that have a true, fully lined body cavity and are the most complex

Answer 42

coelomates

Question 43

this is similar repeated units that allows for an increase in size without the need for new DNA

Answer 43

segmentation

Question 44

digestion within the cell

Answer 44

intracellular digestion

Question 45

when an organism only has one opening, making it the mouth and anus

Answer 45

gastrovascular cavity

Question 46

when the organism has 2 different openings for the mouth and anus, allowing for a more efficient digestive process

Answer 46

complete digestive track

Question 47

organisms with no back bone

Answer 47

invertebrates

Question 48

organisms that have a true backbone

Answer 48

vertebrates

Question 49

sponges

Answer 49

porifera

Question 50

jellyfish

Answer 50

cnidaria

Question 51

flatworms

Answer 51

platyhelminthes

Question 52

segmented worms

Answer 52

annelida

Question 53

round worms

Answer 53

nematoda

Question 54

organisms with a jointed skeleton

Answer 54

arthropoda

Question 55

what phylum are vertebrates in

Answer 55

chordata

Question 56

what 4 distinct features do chordata embryos have

Answer 56

notochord, dorsal nerve cord, pharyngeal gill slits, and a tail near the anus

Question 57

organisms that have everything except a bony column

Answer 57

invertebrate chordates

Question 58

organisms that have a cartilaginous endoskeleton

Answer 58

chondrocytes

Question 59

body style and mode of reproduction are somewhere between fish and reptile

Answer 59

amphibians

Question 60

when the body temperature depends on the environment

Answer 60

ectothermic

Question 61

when the organism controls their own body temperature

Answer 61

endothermic

Question 62

what is found only in mammals

Answer 62

hair or fur, internal fertilization and development, the alignment of the jaws (dentition), and mammary glands (nurse young)

Question 63

egg laying mammals

Answer 63

monotremes

Question 64

pouched mammals

Answer 64

marsupials

Question 65

placental mammals

Answer 65

eutharians

Question 66

individual nerve cell

Answer 66

neuron

Question 67

the 5 step process of the nervous system

Answer 67

receive info, info is integrated, signal is conducted, signal is transmitted, and a coordinate metabolic activates

Question 68

part of the neuron that receives information from other neurons or outside the body, convert stimuli to electrical signals

Answer 68

dendrite

Question 69

the integration center of a neuron, decides wether or not to produce an Action Potential

Answer 69

cell body

Question 70

the long cellular extension of the neurons cell body, carries the action potential from the cell body to the synaptic terminal

Answer 70

axons

Question 71

the swellings at the end of a neuron that contain neurotransmitters and receptors

Answer 71

synaptic terminal

Question 72

send messages to other neurons or organs

Answer 72

neurotransmitters

Question 73

receive and bind neurotransmitters from other neurons

Answer 73

receptors

Question 74

made up of the brain and spinal cord

Answer 74

central nervous system

Question 75

made up of nerves that connect the central to the rest of the body

Answer 75

peripheral nervous system

Question 76

system that controls voluntary muscle movement

Answer 76

somatic nervous system

Question 77

system that controls involuntary muscle movement

Answer 77

autonomic nervous system

Question 78

system that works on organs and prepares them for stress

Answer 78

sympathetic nervous system

Question 79

system that dominates during maintenance of the body

Answer 79

parasympathetic nervous system

Question 80

what is the function of the central nervous system

Answer 80

processes info and directs a response to other parts of the body

Question 81

what 3 things protect the central nervous system

Answer 81

skull and vertebrae, meninges, and cerebrospinal fluid

Question 82

a triple layer of connective tissue around the brain and spinal cord

Answer 82

meninges

Question 83

fluid between the meninges and brain/spinal cord

Answer 83

cerebrospinal fluid