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Geography > Unit 2: Section B Changing Econ World > Flashcards

Unit 2: Section B Changing Econ World Flashcards

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1
Q

define development

A

means a positive change that makes things better

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2
Q

wat is the HDI

A

human development index and it measures moth social and economic status

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3
Q

what does the HDI measure?

A

-life expectancy at birth
-number of years of education
-GNI per head

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4
Q

what are advantages to the HDI?

A

-shows rate of development over time
-measures within a country too
-social and eco indicators

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5
Q

what is a limitation to social and eco factors?

A

There could be many rich people in one country where the majority is low income, so it would skew the results

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6
Q

what is the demographic transition model?

A

a theoretical model that shows changes in population info over time

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7
Q

what are the stages in the demographic transition model? what countries are in them?

A

1-high stationary (traditional tribes)
2-early expanding (afghanistan)
3-late expanding (nigeria)
4-low stationary (uk)
5-declining (japan)

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8
Q

what are the main causes of uneven development?

A
  • bad history (colonial legacy)
  • bad economic state (primary sector)
  • undesirable physical features (landlocked)
  • political instability/corruption (lack of democracy)
  • natural disaster/disease/famine
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9
Q

how many slaves were transferred to work on plantations from 1650 to 1900?

A

10 million

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10
Q

what bad thing happened to some countries after gaining independence?

A

civil wars and political coruuption

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11
Q

what physical features can cause uneven development?

A
  • being landlocked like uzbekistan makes it hard to trade
  • extreme weather events causing structural damage and fatalities
  • lack of supply of safe water
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12
Q

who are the world’s biggest traders?

A

Europe and Asia (30% and 40%)

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13
Q

how much manufactured goods are exported from NEEs?

A

80%

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14
Q

what is the problem for LICs with exporting primary goods?

A

prices can fluctuate, and they get the lowest amount of money given too them as payment by NEEs and HICs

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15
Q

what percentage of copper exports accounts for Zambia’s total exports?

A

80%

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16
Q

who is zambia’s biggest trading partner?

A

switzerland with 45%

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17
Q

what are the main consequences of uneven development?

A

migration due to civil war, better education, natural disaster

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18
Q

how many people were made refugees in the middle east refugee crisis (2015)

A

100,000s

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19
Q

since when has syria been in civil war?

A

2011

20
Q

what are the main pros of improving the Uks transport infrastructure?

A
  • more jobs
  • better for tourism
  • more connected areas => better trade
21
Q

what areas will HS2 connect?

A

a new rail line which will connect london with birmingham, sheffield, leeds and manchester

22
Q

how much is the budget for the HS2 project?

A

£44.6 billion

23
Q

how much is said Hs2 will generate

A

£40 billion

24
Q

what is a disadvantage of HS2?

A

high carbon emissions due to a higher powered train

25
Q

what % does the aviation sector contribute to the uks gdp and how many people does it eploy?

A

3.6% and employs 300k+

26
Q

how much debt was cancelled for zambia in 2005?

A

$4 billion

27
Q

what is an example of intermediate technologies in tanzania?

A

wateraid’s provision of the afrinder hand pump as it easy to use and not hard to fix if it breaks

28
Q

what is FDI?

A

(foreign direct investemnt) money invested into outher counstries by TNCs

29
Q

what is am example of economic investment (FDI)

A

more than 2000 chinese companies have invested billions of dollars in energy, mining, construction and manufacturing in Africa

30
Q

does aid need to be repaid?

A

no

31
Q

what is an example of aid?

A

india has spent $6 billion on education projects across africa

32
Q

what is the capital city of Nigeria?

A

abuja

33
Q

how much is it’s GDP?

A

$520 billion

34
Q

what % makes up its GDP through oil and gas?

A

96%

35
Q

how many movies does Nollywood put out each month?

A

200

36
Q

how much aid does it receive from GB p.a.?

A

$300 million

37
Q

who is OPEC and what do they do?

A

Organisation of petroleum exporting countries and aims to stabilise the price of oil and ensure a regular supply

38
Q

what significant offering did nigeria do for the UN in 2013?

A

was the 5th largest contributor of troops to the UN peacekeeping force

39
Q

how many people dies in the ebola outbreak and when did it happen?

A

(2014) only 8 people died

40
Q

how is china influencing the economy?

A

in 2014 they one a $12 billion contract to build a railway along the coast

41
Q

how many TNCs are in Nigeria?

A

around 40

42
Q

how much oil was spilt in the bodo oil spill?

A

aorund 600k barrels

43
Q

how many hectres of mangroves were destroyed due to the bodo oil spill?

A

1000

44
Q

how many illegal small-scale industries does nigeria have?

A

around 10k

45
Q

what % of the uk have access to safe water comapred to nigeria

A

99% vs 22%

46
Q

life expectancy in nigeria

A

55yrs

47
Q

when was the aduwan health centre built and what does it do?

A

2010 and it tests for HIV and gives vaccines against polio

Geography (6 decks)

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