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BIOL 122 > Unit 2: Quiz Questions > Flashcards

Unit 2: Quiz Questions Flashcards

1
Q

The strands in a DNA molecule are: (2)

A
  • complementary

- antiparallel

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2
Q

Deoxyribonucleic acid is used for: (2)

A
  • transmission of information

- storage of information

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3
Q

List the levels of genetic information in order from smallest to largest

A
  • exon; gene; chromosome; genome
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4
Q

All of the genetic material transferred from a parent to an offspring is known as a:

A
  • genome
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5
Q

There is no correlation between genome size and complexity of an organism, is this statement true or false?

A
  • true
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6
Q

The size of a genome is measured by:

A
  • the number of base pairs
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7
Q

Only 2.5 percent of the human genome actually codes for proteins. The other 97.5 percent includes: (3)

A
  • repetitive DNA
  • introns
  • templates for noncoding RNA
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8
Q

Nucleoids, structures composed of supercoils of DNA that form multiple loops, are found in:

A
  • bacteria
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9
Q

The level of DNA packaging brought about by the formation of _____ looks like beads on a string

A
  • nucleosomes
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10
Q

In a deoxyribonucleotide, what chemical group is found at the 2’ carbon of the sugar component?

A
  • a hydrogen
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11
Q

A phenotype always refers to something that you can see with your eyes, like hair colour or eye colour, is this statement true or false?

A
  • false
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12
Q

In a double-stranded DNA molecule, the strands are said to be antiparallel because:

A
  • each strand runs in the 5’ to 3’ direction
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13
Q

What steps are necessary for eukaryotic transcription to begin? (3)

A
  • general transcription factors
  • DNA looping brings transcriptional activator proteins, general transcriptional factors, mediator complex, and RNA Pol II together
  • transcriptional activator proteins bind to enhancers
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14
Q

The same strand in a DNA double helix is used as the template strand for transcription of every gene in a given chromosome, is this statement true or false?

A
  • false
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15
Q

A template strand of DNA is read in the _____ direction in order to direct synthesis of RNA in the _____ direction

A
  • 3’ to 5’

- 5’ to 3’

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16
Q

Transcription continues until:

A
  • a terminator sequence is encountered
17
Q

In E. coli, the molecule(s) responsible for promoter recognition is/are referred to as:

A
  • the sigma factor
18
Q

Which is a function of the RNA-polymerase complex? (3)

A
  • to disrupt the DNA double helix
  • to perform polymerization reaction
  • to stabilize the RNA-DNA duplex
19
Q

Which RNA type is the most abundant in mammalian cells?

A

rRNA

20
Q

An intron is:

A

an RNA sequence that is removed during the processing of an RNA molecule in the nucleus

21
Q

In which cellular process is RNA involved? (2)

A
  • splicing

- transcription and translation

22
Q

Transcription of RNA from DNA in eukaryotes requires: (4)

A
  • a promoter sequence
  • transcription factors
  • activator proteins
  • RNA polymerase
23
Q

An RNA transcript is synthesized in which direction?

A

5’ to 3’

24
Q

In a protein-coding region of DNA, a mutation that replaces a single nucleotide, but does not change the resulting amino acid, is likely to be:

A

at the 3’ position in a codon of the transcribed mRNA

25
Q

Which of the following brings amino acids to the ribosome for use in translation

A

tRNA

26
Q

When a peptide bond is created between two amino acids

A
  • the carboxyl group of the first amino acid is joined to the amino group of the second
27
Q

All 64 possible codons have corresponding anticodons in tRNAs, is this statement true or false?

A
  • false
28
Q

Binding sites for tRNA are located in:

A

the large ribosomal unit

29
Q

A consecutive sequence of codons following a start codon is called a:

A
  • reading frame
30
Q

Which one of the types of proteins interacts directly with a stop codon?

A
  • release factor

BIOL 122 (20 decks)

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