Unit 2 Quiz: Kreb's Cycle/ETC

Question 1

What is another name for Kreb’s Cycle?

Answer 1

The citric acid cycle

Question 2

Where does the Kreb’s cycle take place?

Answer 2

In the matrix (fluid) of the mitochondria

Question 3

Where does the Kreb’s cycle take place?

Answer 3

In the matrix (fluid) of the mitochondria

Question 4

Is Kreb’s cycle aerobic or anaerobic?

Answer 4

Aerobic

Question 5

What are the products of the Kreb’s cycle for 1 spin, 1 molecule?

Answer 5

For one:
- 3 NADH
- 1 FADH2
- 1 ATP
- 2 CO2

Question 6

What are the products per glucose

Answer 6

For two:
- 6 NADH
- 2 FADH
- 2 ATP
- 8 CO2

Question 7

Where does the ETC take place?

Answer 7

On an inner membrane of the mitochondria (cristae)

Question 8

Is ETC aerobic or anaerobic?

Answer 8

Aerobic

Question 9

What does ETC need to function?

Answer 9

Series of membrane proteins (cytochromes), as it occurs on the membrane of the mitochondria

Question 10

Look at diagram need to label

Answer 10

On notes

Question 11

What does the ETC take from the Krebs Cycle?

Answer 11

It takes the NADH and the FADH and gives up the H+ ions and electrons to the cytochrome (protein channels), electrons are then transported through the chain of the cytochromes, electrons pull the H+ ions and they accumulate in the intermembrane space, a high concentration of the H+ ions creates a concentration gradient and gradient drives H+ ions through protein channel, giving the energy to synthesize ATP, then once electrons are accepted by O2, H+ ions are also picked up and form H2O (electrons need to move out and form with oxygen and H+ for “cycle” to work)

Question 12

How much ATP does ETC make?

Answer 12

34 ATP

Question 13

Which is the most efficient in producing ATP?

Answer 13

ETC makes 34 out of the 38

Question 14

How much ATP is made per glucose in eukaryotes?

Answer 14

36 actual is 30

Question 15

Why is only 30 ATP created?

Answer 15

• reduced yield because of “leaky” inner membrane
• Chemiosis: the use of proton gradient for purposes other than ATP synthesis

Question 16

Types of anaerobic respiration

Answer 16

Anaerobic: use of inorganic molecules
Fermentation: use of organic molecules as final electron acceptor

Question 17

What forms as anaerobic in humans

Answer 17

Lactic acid forms

Question 18

What forms in yeast?

Answer 18

Alcohol formation

Question 19

Why is anaerobic bad?

Answer 19

Produces fewer ATP’s
Much less efficient
This is bc ETC is bypassed, because no oxygen means cannot form water and get rid of electrons not enough electrons and products toxic byproducts acids (lactic acid) and alcohols

Question 20

Diagram explain what happens in lactic acid fermo

Answer 20

1. Creates 2 ATP
2. Creates pyruvate
3. NADH takes H to make lactate

Question 21

What breaks down amino acids what is the process called?

Answer 21

Deamination process remove amino group, remainder of amino acid is converted to a molecule that enters glycolysis or the Krebs Cycle

Question 22

What is it called when fatty acids break down?

Answer 22

Beta oxidation

Question 23

Why is there a reduced yield in eukaryotes?

Answer 23

• “leaky” inner membrane
• chemiosis: the use of the proton gradient for purposes other than ATP synthesis

Question 24

Does anaerobic respiration make less ATP?

Answer 24

True because less effective no oxygen shuts down etc; oxygen is needed to continue the cycle to pull out electrons (and form water)
- not enough electrons and produces toxic byproducts acids (lactic acids) and alcohols

Question 25

What does the diagram for lactic acid formation in muscle cells show?

Answer 25

• Glycolysis makes pyruvate, and no oxygen takes H from NADH and makes NAD+, and makes lactate (2)
• Look at the diagram from the notes

Question 26

How does the body get amino acids?

Answer 26

Through a deamination process, the amino group is removed, and the remainder of the amino acid is converted to a molecule that enters glycolysis or the Krebs cycle

Question 27

How does the body get fatty acids?

Answer 27

Through beta-oxidation; triglycerides are broken down into fatty acids and glycerol
- Fatty acids are converted to acetyl groups by beta oxidation
- Acetyl groups can enter Kreb’s cycle