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Higher Chemistry > UNIT 2 : Proteins > Flashcards

UNIT 2 : Proteins Flashcards

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1
Q

Where might me find proteins?

A

Food
In the body
In animals

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2
Q

What are enzymes?

A

Enzymes are highly specific catalysts which control the rates of the many reactions in the body. In simple terms, they are biological catalysts

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3
Q

What are the two types of protein structure?

A

Fibrous Proteins

Globular Proteins

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4
Q

What do many proteins consist of?

A

Some proteins are made up of one single polypeptide chain, but many consist of two or more polypeptide chains

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5
Q

What are fibrous proteins?

A

Fibrous chains are ones in which the polypeptide chains are interwoven

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6
Q

What are the properties of fibrous proteins?

A

Toughness
Insolubility
Resistance to change in pH and temperature

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7
Q

What are globular proteins?

A

Globular proteins are ones in which the polypeptide chains are coiled together in spherical shapes

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8
Q

Are enzymes fibrous or globular proteins?

A

Globular

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9
Q

What are some examples of fibrous proteins?

A

Skin
Tissue
Hair
Nails

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10
Q

What are some examples of globular proteins?

A

Insulin
Haemoglobin
Many hormones

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11
Q

What is the narrow optimum range?

A

The temperature or pH that makes the peak of an enzyme’s activity

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12
Q

At what temperature are the bonds which hold most of the biological enzymes together broken?

A

60 Degrees Celsius

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13
Q

What is the critical part of an enzyme called?

A

The active site

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14
Q

What elements do all proteins contain?

A

Carbon
Hydrogen
Oxygen
Nitrogen

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15
Q

Which of the elements of proteins is the most essential?

A

Nitrogen

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16
Q

How are proteins made?

A

The condensation polymerisation of amino acids

17
Q

Where are some of the amino acids made?

A

In the body

18
Q

What is the name given to the amino acids which the body cannot manufacture?

A

Essential Amino Acids

19
Q

What are the two functional groups in all amino acids?

A

Amino Group

Carboxyl Group

20
Q

What determines the nature of an amino acid?

A

The structure in between the amino and carboxyl groups

21
Q

What happens when the amino acids come together?

A

The amino group of one acid links to the carboxyl group of another acid

22
Q

What is the name of the bond formed when two amino acids come together?

A

Peptide bond or Amino link

23
Q

What is made as a bi-product in the production of proteins?

A

Water

24
Q

On the hydrolysis of a protein, how many moles of water are needed?

A

The same as the number of peptide bonds

Higher Chemistry (9 decks)

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