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Higher Chemistry > UNIT 2 : Fats and Oils > Flashcards

UNIT 2 : Fats and Oils Flashcards

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1
Q

How are fats and oils made?

A

Condensation reactions between glycerol and fatty acids

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2
Q

What are fatty acids?

A

Long chain carboxylic acids

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3
Q

What is the chemical name for glycerol?

A

Propane-1,2,3,-triol

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4
Q

What is a triol?

A

A compound with 3 hydroxyl (-OH) groups

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5
Q

What are some common fatty acids?

A

Stearic acid

Oleic acid

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6
Q

What group of compounds are fats and oils a part of?

A

Triglycerides

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7
Q

What is usually a liquid at room temperature?

A

Oil

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8
Q

What is usually a solid at room temperature?

A

Fat

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9
Q

What has more carbon-to-carbon double bonds?

A

Oils

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10
Q

Is the formation of a fat or oil a reversible reaction?

A

Yes

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11
Q

Where are fats and oils naturally occurring?

A

Plants and animals

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12
Q

What is the use of fats and oils in the body?

A

Storage of vitamins and minerals

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13
Q

What decides if a fat or oil is saturated or unsaturated?

A

The fatty acids

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14
Q

What is the bi-product of the reaction which produces a fat or oil?

A

Water

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15
Q

Where do the elements of water come from?

A

The H+ comes form the OH groups of the glycerol and the OH- comes from the OH group of the fatty acid

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16
Q

How many moles of water are produced per every one fat or oil formed?

A

3 (one per OH group of glycerol)

17
Q

In a fat or oil, what is the link that bonds the glycerol and the fatty acid?

A

Ester Link

18
Q

What is the name of the reaction which breaks a fat or oil down into glycerol and three fatty acids?

A

Hydrolysis

19
Q

How is the hydrolysis of a fat or oil carried out?

A

Heating the fat or oil with a strong acid or alkali

20
Q

With alkali hydrolysis, what technique is used to avoid evaporation of volatile liquids?

A

Refluxing

21
Q

What happens in the hydrolysis of a fat or oil?

A

The H+ bonds to the oxygen of gylcerol, and the OH- bonds to the fatty acid

22
Q

What can be made after the hydrolysis of a fat or oil reaction?

A

Soaps

Higher Chemistry (9 decks)

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