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AP Huge > Unit 2: Popualtion And Health/Migration > Flashcards

Unit 2: Popualtion And Health/Migration Flashcards

1
Q

Ecumene

A

The portion of earths surface occupied by permanent human settlement

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2
Q

Arithmetic Density

A

The total number of people divided by the total land area

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3
Q

Physiological Density

A

The number of people per unit of area of arable land, which is land suitable for agriculture

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4
Q

Agricultural Density

A

The ratio of the number of farmers to the total amount of land suitable for agriculture

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5
Q

Crude Birth Rate (CBR)

A

The total number of live births in a year for everyone thousand people live in a society

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6
Q

Crude Death Rate (CDR)

A

The total number of deaths in a year for every thousand people alive in society

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7
Q

Natural Increase Rate (NIR)

A

The percentage of growth of the population in a year, computed as: CBR minus CDR

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8
Q

Doubling Time

A

The number of years needed to double a population, assuming a constant rate of natural increase

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9
Q

Total Fertility Rate (TFR)

A

The average number of children a woman will have throughout her childbearing years

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10
Q

Population Pyramid

A

A bar graph that represents the distribution of population by age and sex

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11
Q

Dependency Ratio

A

The number of people under age 15 and over age 64 compared to the number of people active in the labor force

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12
Q

Sex Ratio

A

The number of males per 100 females in the population

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13
Q

Demographic Transition

A

A process of change in a societies population from high CBR and CDR/ low NIR to low CBR and CDR, low NIR, and high total population

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14
Q

Industrial Revolution

A

A series of improvements in industrial technology that transformed the process of manufacturing goods

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15
Q

Medical Revolution

A

Medical technology invented in Europe and North America that has diffused to the poor countries in Latin America, Asia, and Africa. Improved medical practices have limited many causes of death in poor countries and enabled longer lives

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16
Q

Zero Population Growth (ZPG)

A

The Declan of the total fertility rate to the point where the natural increase rate is zero

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17
Q

Epidemiological Transition

A

Distinctive causes of death in each stage of the demographic transition
Stages:
1.Pestilence and Famine (high CDR)
2. Receding Pandemics (rapid decline of CDR)
3. Degenerative diseases (moderately decline CDR)
4. Delayed degenerative diseases (low, but increasing CDR)
5. Possible: evolution/poverty

18
Q

Pandemic

A

Disease that occurs over a wide geographic area and affects a very hi portion of population

19
Q

Infant Mortality Rate (IMR)

A

The total number of dots any are among infants under one for every 1000 live births in a society

20
Q

Life Expectancy

A

The average number of years an individual can be expected to live, given current social, economic, and medical conditions. Life expectancy at birth is the average number of years a newborn infant can expect to live

21
Q

Migration Transition

A

A change in the migration pattern in a society that results from industrialization, population growth, and other social and economic changes to also produce the DTM.
Stages:
1. Low NIR/high CBR/ high CDR– Search for food
2. High NIR/high CBR/declining CDR– International emigration/rural to urban
3. Declining NIR/rapid decline CBR/decreasing CDR– high international immigration/cities to suburbs
4. Low NIR/low CBR/low CDR– Same as 3^^

22
Q

International Immigration

A

Permanent movement from one country to another

23
Q

Voluntary Migration

A

Permanent movement undertaken by choice

24
Q

Forced Migration

A

Permanent movement of refugees (cultural or political conflict)

25
Q

Internal Migration

A

Permanent movement within a country

26
Q

Interregional Migration

A

Permanent movement form one region to another

27
Q

Intraregional Migration

A

Permanent movement within a region

28
Q

Counterurbanization

A

Net migration from urban to rural areas in more developed countries

29
Q

Push Factor

A

A factor that induces people to leave old residences

30
Q

Pull Factor

A

A factor that induces people to move to a new location

31
Q

Refugee

A

People who are forced to migrate format he home country and cannot return for fear of persecution because of their race, religion, nationality, membership in a social group, or political opinion.

32
Q

Internally Displaced Person (IDP)

A

Someone who has been forced to migrate for similar political reasons as a refugee but has not migrated across an international border.

33
Q

Asylum Seeker

A

Someone who has migrated to another country in the hope of being recognized as a refugee.

34
Q

Guest Worker

A

A term used for a worker who migrated to the developed countries of Northern and Western Europe (usually form Southern/Eastern Europe or North Africa ) in search of a higher paying job.

35
Q

Intervening Obstacle

A

An environmental or cultural feature of the landscape that hinders migration

36
Q

Quotas

A 
Laws that pace ,animus limits on the number of people who can immigrate to a country each year.
Preferences:
1. Family reunification
2. Skilled workers
3. Diversity
37
Q

Brain Drain

A

Large-Scale emigration of talented people

38
Q

Unauthorized Immigrants

A

People who enter a country without proper documents

39
Q

Chain Migration

A

Migration of people to a specific location because relatives or members of the same nationality previously migrated there.

40
Q

Food Plain

A

The area subject to flooding during a given number of years, according to historical tends.

41
Q

Census

A

A complete enumeration of the population
Controversial (2 reasons):
1. No participation
2. Sampling

AP Huge (3 decks)

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