Unit 2: Pharmacokinetic Parameters (Volume of Distribution)

Question 1

Time required for the concentration of a drug to decrease by one half

Answer 1

biologic half-life

Question 2

Unit for biologic half-life

Answer 2

seconds, minutes, hours, etc.

Question 3

Often related to its duration of action and also may indicate when another dose should be given

Answer 3

drug’s half-life

Question 4

Determines the speed at which a drug is removed from the body

Answer 4

Elimination half-life/biologic half life

Question 5

Sum of the rate constants for removal of drug from the body, including the rate constants for renal excretion and metabolism

Answer 5

Elimination rate constant

Question 6

Is a first-order kinetic process, depending on -/ the overall elimination rate constant, k, and the amount of drug in the body, DB, remaining at any given time, t

Answer 6

Drug elimination

Question 7

Represents the fraction of drug removed per unit of time

Answer 7

Elimination rate constant

Question 8

Is elimination rate constant affected by route of administration?

Answer 8

No

Question 9

Is elimination rate constant affected by physiologic or pathologic conditions of the patient (e.g. liver failure, age)

Answer 9

Yes

Question 10

Unit for elimination rate constant

Answer 10

reciprocal time (sec-1, mins-1, hrs-1)

Question 11

Reversible transfer of drug from one location to another within the body

Answer 11

drug distribution

Question 12

Drug distribution to theoretical compartments

Answer 12

drug distribution

Question 13

Most drugs ____(do not distribute uniformly/distribute uniformly)____ throughout the body but assumed that drug ___(does not uniformly/uniformly)___ distributes into a single compartment of fluid

Answer 13

do not uniformly; uniformly

Question 14

Volume that must be considered in estimating the amount of drug in the body from the concentration of drug found in the sampling compartment

Answer 14

volume of distribution

Question 15

Process of reversible transfer of a drug to and from the site of measurement, usually blood/plasma

Answer 15

volume of distribution

Question 16

Fluid distribution in an adult
Interstitial fluid:
Plasma:
Intracellular fluid:
Extracellular fluid:
Total body water:

Answer 16

Interstitial fluid: 21%
Plasma:4%
Intracellular fluid: 35%
Extracellular fluid: 25%
Total body water: 60%

Question 17

T/F
apparent volume of distribution (Vd) is of a true anatomic or physical value

Answer 17

F

Question 18

Hypothetical volume of body fluid in which the drug is dissolved

Answer 18

apparent volume of distribution

Question 19

Needed to estimate the amount of drug in the body relative to concentration of drug in the plasma

Answer 19

apparent volume of distribution

Question 20

increase in Vd will result to an/a _____ in dose

Answer 20

increase

Question 21

Reflects the amount of drug in the tissues, not in the plasma

Answer 21

apparent volume of distribution

Question 22

Apparent volume of distribution reflects the amt of drug in the ______

Answer 22

tissues

Question 23

Vd is _________ proportional in relation to the drug plasma concentration

Answer 23

inversely

Question 24

Constant per any given drug

Answer 24

apparent volume of distribution

Question 25

unit of apparent volume of distribution

Answer 25

volume (mL, L), % body weight

Question 26

Apparent Volume of Distribution (Vd) weight of 1 kg is assumed to be equal to _______

Answer 26

1-L volume

Question 27

represents the dose of drug given by intravenous bolus (g, mg)

Answer 27

DB

Question 28

represents the extrapolated drug concentration at zero time on the y-axis (mg/mL)

Answer 28

CP

Question 29

inc blood flow = _____ Vd

Answer 29

inc

Question 30

lipid soluble drugs = ____ Vd

Answer 30

inc

Question 31

hydrophilic drug = _____ Vd

Answer 31

dec

Question 32

unionized drug = ______ Vd

Answer 32

inc

Question 33

higher body weight = ____ Vd

Answer 33

inc

Question 34

elderly = _____ Vd

Answer 34

dec daw sabe sa ggl ???

Question 35

A drugs which is more bound to plasma proteins than tissue proteins will ___ Cp and ___ Vd

Answer 35

inc; dec

Question 36

A drug which has a high affinity for adipose tissues than plasma proteins will ___ Cp and ___ Vd

Answer 36

dec; inc

Question 37

Vd of a lipophilic drug is ______ (large/small) in an obese patient

Answer 37

large

Question 38

Vd is ______ (inversely/directly) proportional to the half-life

Answer 38

directly

Question 39

Vd _____ (shortens/prolongs) half life = ______ (longer/shorter) DOA

Answer 39

prolongs; longer

Question 40

Used for the computation of the loading dose of a drug

Answer 40

Vd

Question 41

Determine or predict the distribution of drugs

Answer 41

Vd

Question 42

Determines whether drug is predominantly in the plasma or in the body tissues

Answer 42

Vd

Question 43

Compare the distribution characteristics of various drugs

Answer 43

Vd