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Chem > Unit 2 : Metals > Flashcards

Unit 2 : Metals Flashcards

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1
Q

very low content of alloying elements and small amounts of manganese.

A

Plain carbon steel

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2
Q

alloys of iron and carbon (may contain other alloying elements)

A

Steel

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3
Q

Carbon content in the range of 0.3% to 0.6%

A

Medium Carbon Steel

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4
Q

carbon content of 0.6% - 1.4%

A

High Carbon Steel

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5
Q

a group of steels that contain at least 11% Cr, exhibits extraordinary corrosion resistance due to formation of a very thin layer of Cr2O3
on the surface.

A

Stainless steel

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6
Q

composed of alpha ferrite (BCC)

A

Ferritic Stainless Steels

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7
Q

can be heat treated

A

Martensitic Stainless Steels

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8
Q

austenite (gamma) phase field is extended to
room temperature; most corrosion resistant

A

Austenitic Stainless Steels

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9
Q

ultra high-strength due to precipitation hardening

A

Precipitation-Hardening (PH) Stainless Steels

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10
Q

ferrite + austenite

A

Duplex Stainless Steels

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11
Q

increases strength and hardness and decreases ductility and notch
impact toughness of steel

A

Phosphorous

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11
Q

strength and hardness; decrease ductility and weldability; affects
hardenability of steel

A

Manganese

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11
Q

decreases ductility and notch impact toughness, weldability decreases; found in the form of sulfide inclusions

A

Sulfur

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12
Q

one of the principal deoxidizers used in steel making; in low-carbon steels, is generally detrimental to surface quality

A

Silicon

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13
Q

detrimental to hot-working steels; beneficial to corrosion resistance (Cu >0.20%)

A

Copper

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14
Q

ferrite strengthener; increases the hardenability and impact strength of steels

A

Nickel

15
Q

increases the hardenability; enhances the creep resistance of low-alloy
steels

A

Molybdenum

16
Q

contains graphite in the form of flakes; named after its grey
fractured surface; C: 3.0 - 4.0 wt%, Si: 1.0 - 3.0 wt%

Weak and brittle in tension (the graphite
flake tips act as stress concentration
sites); stronger in compression

Excellent damping capacity, wear
resistance

A

Grey cast iron

17
Q

Castings are stronger and much more ductile than grey iron as the stress concentration points existing at the flake tips are eliminated

Castings are stronger and much more ductile than grey iron as the stress concentration points existing at the flake tips are eliminated

A

Nodular or ductile iron

18
Q

C: 2.5 - 3 wt%, Si: 0.5 - 1.5 wt%; most of the carbon is in the form of cementite; names after its white fracture surface

Results from faster cooling; contains pearlite + cementite, not graphite; thickness variation may result in nonuniform microstructure from variable cooling

Very hard and brittle

Used as intermediate to produce
malleable cast iron

A

White Cast Iron

19
Q

C: 2.3 - 2.7 wt%, Si: 1.0 - 1.75 wt%

Obtained by heat treating white iron fora prolonged period that causes
decomposition of cementite into graphite

A

Malleable Cast Iron

20
Q

occurs as blunt flakes or with a worm-like shape (vermicular); C: 3.1 - 4.1 wt%, Si: 1.7 - 3.0 wt%

As castable as grey iron, has a higher
tensile strength and some ductility

Relatively high thermal conductivity,
good resistance to thermal shock, lower
oxidation at elevated temperatures

A

Compact Graphite Iron

21
Q

the most common alloy of Cu - it’s an alloy with Zn

A

Brass

22
Q

Copper alloys containing tin, lead, aluminum, silicon and nickel

A

Bronze

23
Q

a light metal (ρ = 2.7 g/cc); is easily machinable; has wide variety of
surface finishes; good electrical and thermal conductivities; highly reflective to heat and light

A

Aluminum

24
Q

melts at 1670 oC and has low density of 4.51 g/cc (40% lighter
than steel and 60% heavier than aluminum)

A

Titanium

25
Q

a high-density, high-strength metal with goof ductility and excellent
corrosion resistance and high temperature properties

A

Nickel

26
Q

lightest among commonly used metals (1.7 g/cc); melting point is 650 oC and it has HCP structure. it is very reactive and readily combustible in air; can be used as igniter or firestarter

A

Magnesium

27
Q

shiny, soft, heavy, rare, resistant to corrosion, very valuable metal

A

Gold

28
Q

A soft, white, lustrous metal; it exhibits the highest electrical conductivity, thermal conductivity, and reflectivity of any metal

A

Silver

Chem (11 decks)

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