Unit 2 -- Mental and Emotional Health Flashcards
self-esteem
a measure about how much you value yourself
self-concept
an image you have of yourself
4 Ways to Improve Self-esteem
positive self-talk, act with integrity, choose supportive friends, accept yourself
Good Communication
prevents misunderstandings, builds healthy relationships, expresses yourself
“I” message
respectful, good communication “When you eat my peanut butter, I don’t have any to eat, and I feel frustrated.”
“YOU” message
accusatory – “You stole my peanut butter!”
Active Listening
listening, clarifying, paraphrasing
mental health
a state of mental well being in which one can cope with the demands of daily life
Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs (5 levels of needs)
- physiological needs (food, water, etc.)
- safety and security (family, health, employment)
- love and belonging (family, friends, etc.)
- self-esteem
- self-actualization (the achievement of the best a person can be)
emotion
a feeling in response to life experiences
THREE ways to manage emotions
be creative, talk it out, blow off steam
Defense Mechanisms (definition)
unconscious thoughts/behaviors to avoid experiencing unpleasant emotions
TEN Defense Mechanisms
- Compensation (making up in one area for another)
- Daydreaming (to take your mind off of an unpleasant area)
- Denial (refusing to accept reality)
- Displacement (shifting feelings about one person/situation to another)
- Idealization (copying your idol)
- Projection (seeing your own faults in someone else) [Uncle Ted calling his girlfriend messy]
- Rationalization (making excuses for/justifying your behavior) [I wasn’t feeling very well, so I flunked the test.]
- Regression (to react to emotions in an immature fashion)
- Repression (blocking out painful feelings)
- Sublimation (redirecting your negative impulses into positive behaviors)
anxiety disorders
disorder with real or imagined threats that prevent a person from enjoying life
general anxiety disorder (GAD)
chronic state of anxiety, fear, and tenseness (physical symptoms: fatigue, headaches, aches, irritability, sweating)
obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD)
person has persistnt, disturbing thoughts - obsessions - that they manage through rituals (compulsions)
panic disorder
terror strikes suddenly and repeatedly (panic attack - period of intense fear with bodily changes)
specific phobia
disorder with excessive fear of non-harmful object, situation, or people
social anxiety disorder
social phobia – person is overly self-conscious and anxious in social situations
post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD)
after-effects from a terrifying event keep person from living normally
cognitive disorder
a brain deteriorates in functions
dementia
brain deterioration affects memory, language, reasoning; it is a disease
conduct disorder
a person regularly violates rights of others and breaks social rules
eating disorder
mental; person needs to starve, binge, or binge & purge
anorexia nervosa
a person starves their body and weights at least 15% less than normal weight
bulimia
a person binges then purges
binge eating disorder
a person eats lots of food (binges)
mood disorder
mental; involving moods (affective disorder)
clinical depression
long feelings of hopelessness or sadness
bipolar disorder
person moods are extremely happy to depressed
seasonal affective disorder (SAD)
depression caused by lack of sunlight
personality disorder
person’s thinking, feeling, acting patterns interfere with daily living
antisocial personality disorder
person’s behavior patterns conflict with society
borderline personality disorder
person has sudden change in mood or behavior
schizophrenia
breakdown in logical thoughts
somatoform disorders
person has disease symptoms but no physical cause
hypochondria
person is constantly worried about non-existent illnesses
treatment of mental disorders
formal intervention, evaluation (psychiatrist, psychologist, psychiatric social worker), medication, inpatient/outpatient treatment, therapy, support groups
depression symptoms
deep sadness, apathy, fatigue, agitation, sleep disturbances, weight/appetite changes, lack of concentration, worthlessness, morbid thoughts
minor depression
2-4 symptoms, at least 2 weeks, may vanish
dysthymic disorder
2 or more symptoms, 1 or more years
major depression
5-9 symptoms, at least 2 weeks
double depression
dysthymic + major
depression causes in teens
inability to cope with crisis, changes in brain structure, genetic predisposition, low serotonin levels, traumatic family events, physical illness and disorders, alcohol and drug use
depression risk/signs in teens
school performance, social isolation, drug addiction, other addictions, physical illness (weakened immune system), mental disorders, suicide attempts
depression treatment
physical examination, therapy (cognitive behavior therapy – psychotherapy involving behavior and cognitive therapy), individual counseling, medication (antidepressant)
mental disorder
an illness that affects a person’s thoughts, emotions, and behaviors
3 main treatments
psychotherapy, group therapy, medication
stress
response to a demand
eustress
good stress
distress
bad stress
stressor
things that put you under stress
5 different stressors
biological, thinking, behavioral, environmental, life change (death of parent)
physical responses to stress
heavy breathing, heartbeat increases, tense muscles, higher blood sugar, slower digestion, fight-or-flight!!
General Adaptation Syndrome (GAS)
ALARM: nervous system prepares to meet demands of stressor by dilating pupils, sharpening hearing, decreasing saliva, increasing heart rate, increasing blood pressure, dilating bronchioles, slowing digestion, increasing blood flow to muscles, and tightening muscles
RESISTANCE: nervous system returns body to homeostasis by constricting pupils and bronchioles, increasing saliva, decreasing heart rate and blood pressure, relaxing muscles, decreasing blood flow, and “normalizing” hearing and digestions
EXHAUSTION: stress for months, years…
FIVE Grieving Stages
denial, anger, bargaining, depression, acceptance
suicide
3rd leading cause of death in teens
parasuicide
cry for help, you WANT to be saved
cluster suicide
multiple people kill themselves together
