Unit 2 - Lesson 1 Flashcards
1
Q
difference between saturated and unsaturated hydrocarbon
A
Saturated hydrocarbon: Has only single bonds between carbons
Unsaturated hydrocarbons: Has double or triple bonds between the carbon bonds
2
Q
Properties of alkanes
A
- saturated hydrocarbons
- low boiling points (depends how long the carbon chain is, the longer the less likely it is to boil)
- They can only have substitution reactions
- non-polar molecules
3
Q
Properties of alkenes and alkynes
A
- unsaturated
- Less hydrogen atoms, therefore lower boiling points than alkanes
- reactive because they undergo addition reactions
4
Q
Properties of Aromatics
A
- are non-polar because symmetrical (hexagon) therefore:
- insoluble in water
- unreactive
- only go under substitution reactions
5
Q
Properties of Alcohol
A
- Their hydroxly group that can undergo hydrogen bonding makes their boiling points higher
- Polar molecules
6
Q
Properties of Esters
A
-
7
Q
Combustion reactions
A
- A combustion reaction always occurs in the presence of oxygen
8
Q
Substitution reactions
A
- Reaction where a hydrogen atom is replaced by another atom or group of atoms
9
Q
Addition reactions
A
- A carbon compound containing one or more double (or triple) bonds is reacted with another substance to open the double bond and add atoms or groups of atoms
10
Q
Elimination reactions
A
- A small molecule is removed to form an unsaturated hydrocarbon
11
Q
Oxidation
A
- the addition of oxygen to a molecule or the removal of hydrogen from a molecule (increasing oxidation number)
12
Q
Reduction
A
- the removal of oxygen from a molecule or addition of hydrogen into a molecule (decrease in oxidation number)
13
Q
Condensation reactions
A
- The removal of water between 2 reactants to form one product
14
Q
Hydrolysis reactions
A
- The addition of water with a strong acid to cleave a condensation product
