Unit 2 - Interactions in the Environment Flashcards
What are the three types of rock
Metamorphic
Sedimentary
Igneous
What are the four eras
Cenozoic
Mesozoic
Paleozoic
Precambrian
What is metamorphism
Rock changing from igneous or sedimentary rock to metamorphic rock by heat and pressure
What is the difference between weather and climate
Climate is long term
Weather is short term
What are the 3 plate boundaries and their definitions
Convergent - Plates colliding
Divergent - Plates moving apart
Transform - plates moving parallel
How are glaciers formed?
Dozens of delicate ice crystals being pressed into each other
What enabled glaciers to be such an erosional force
Moving glaciers pick up rock debris and it interacts with the ground below by eroding it
What is the albedo affect?
When glaciers reflect heat and light into the atmosphere
What is an erosional process and the definitions of its parts
Breaking of rocks into sediments by
Weathering (Breaking up of rocks by wind, rocks, ice, etc.)
Erosion (Movement of rock)
Deposition (Laying down of rock)
What are the 7 landform regions
Western Cordillera Interior Planes Innuitian Mountains Hudson's bay lowlands - Arctic Lowlands Great lakes - St. Lawrence Lowlands Canadian Shield Appalachians
What are the 7 factors that contribute to climate?
hi evy
Jet streams Bodies of water Ocean Currents Wind and air masses Latitude Elevation Relief
What is the climate region that we live in?
Lower lakes
What is the continental drift theory
People thought that once all of the continents were part of a super continents called Pangea. Eventually this super continent drifted apart and formed several different land masses.
What is the plate tectonic theory
Earth’s outer shell is made out of 20 plates that float on a layer of the Earth’s Magma. Convectional currents inside move the plates.
What are trenches and what are ridges
Ridges - Erosion of rivers by tectonic plates moving closer to each other
Trenches - Created by erosion by rivers and by plate moving away from each other
How was lake Iroquois formed?
In a basin of Lake Ontario.
Glaciers melted and retreated and filled up the basin with meltwater
What is sedimentary rock
This rock is formed from sediments such as sand, soil, rock particles, and marine animals. Gravity compresses these layers into rock.
What is igneous rock
Rock formed by cooling lava
What is metamorphic rock
Formed when existing rock changes into different rock by heat and pressure
What is isostatic rebound
When Earth gets pushed down by ice. Over time it gets pressed back up, like memory foam.
What is archipelago
A group of islands
What is Maritime climate and what is continental climate
Continental - Extreme temperatures, not a lot of rain and snow
Maritime - Mild temperatures, a lot of rain and snow
What do the blue and white bars on a climate graph mean?
Average rainfall in mm
Average snowfall in mm
10mm of snow is the water equivalent of ____mm of rain
1mm
The growing season is the portion of the year when average daily temperatures remain above ______ degrees Celsius
5.6 degrees
Why are most Earthquakes and Volcanoes located along plate boundaries?
That’s where the most interactions with the Earth happen. The moving plates push the land up and form these.
