Unit 2: Ingestion to Energy Metabolism

Question 1

what is the main source of chemical energy in the body?

Answer 1

adenosine triphosphate (ATP)

Question 2

what is the stored form of fat?

Answer 2

triglycerides in fat cells

Question 3

what is the stored form of carbohydrates?

Answer 3

glycogen in liver/muscle

Question 4

what is the stored form of protein?

Answer 4

there are no stores for protein

Question 5

what is the phosphagen energy system? give an example

Answer 5

20-30 seconds of high intensity activity

uses creatine phosphate and ATP for fuel

uses muscle stores

example) 100 m sprint

Question 6

what is the anaerobic energy system? give an example

Answer 6

< 2 minutes of high intensity activity

no oxygen

uses carbohydrates and glycogen stores for fuel

example)

Question 7

what is the aerobic energy system? give an example

Answer 7

> 2 minutes of high intensity or low intensity prolonged activity

requires oxygen

breakdown of fats, carbohydrates and proteins, and glycogen stores for fuel

example) marathon running

Question 8

what is the metabolic pathway for fats?

Answer 8

beta-oxidation

Question 9

what is the metabolic pathway for carbohydrates?

Answer 9

glycolysis

Question 10

what are the 2 metabolic pathways for proteins?

Answer 10

1. broken down for energy

2. turned back into glucose (gluconeogensis)

Question 11

how can you voice muscle loss and hitting the wall?

Answer 11

consume 30-60g of carbohydrates every 60-90 minutes of exercise