Unit 2: Identification Methods Flashcards
Reasons why horse identification is important
- horse theft
- proof of ownership or transfer of ownership
3, ability to return stolen horses/deter theft - needed to register into breed organization
- advertising method (permanent ID)
colorings and markings
signalments
7 types of signalment description IDs
- body color
- head markings
- eye color
- leg markings
- chestnuts
- cowlicks or whorls
- scars and blemishes
solid horse colors
black, bay, brown, chestnut (sorrel), buckskin, gray, white, palomino
4 types of body color
- solid color
- roan
- paint or pinto
- appaloosa
colors of roan
red and blue
what si recorded for appaloosa coloring
base color & coat pattern
head markings are always what color
white
7 types of head markings
- star
- star & stripe
- star & snip
- narrow strip, connected star, strip, & snip
- blaze
- connected star & connected strip, and a snip
- bald
where is a snip
on the nose
what is a blaze
forehead and nose (doesn’t include around the eyes)
2 eye colors
brown & blue/glass
5 types of leg markings
1. coronet 2 pastern 3. sock 4. half stocking 5. stockings
tiny sliver above hoof
coronet marking
covers all of pastern, stops before fetlock
pastern marking
white includes fetlock and a little above
sock
white to midpoint of cannon bone
half stocking
white to knee/hock
stockings
hardened areas of skin on leg
chestnuts
what is “used like a fingerprint”
chestnuts
unique patterns, sizes, combinations in hair
cowlicks/whorls
where are cowlicks mostly found
forehead, neck, flank
3 things to record about cowlicks
direction, size, patterns
4 permanent ID methods
- hot iron, or fire, branding
- freeze branding
- electronic ID
- lip tattoos
one of the oldest methods of permanent ID
hot iron or fire branding
results in permanent hair loss in that area
hot iron or fire branding
newer, less painful method of permanent ID
freeze branding
freeze branding uses an iron chilled in
liquid nitrogen
hair that grows back where brand was is white
freeze branding
uses date of birth, breed, & registration #
applied to neck or under mane
registered into national data bank
Alpha Angle System
the alpha angle system is associated with…
freeze branding
microchip implants
electronic ID
why is electronic identification preferred
because it doesn’t change the outward appearance
lip tattoos are made of
letters and numbers
where are lip tattoos located
inside of upper lip
____ ___ requires lip tattoos on all racing Thoroughbreds
Jockey Club
lip tattoos begin to blur and fade after how many years
4-5
least permanent form of permanent identification methods
lip tattoos
2 methods used to determine if actual descendant of a particular sire and dam
- blood typing
2. DNA testing
the genetic blood group markers
ABO & Rh system
electrical current to separate molecules according to genetic makeup
electrophoretic methods
parentage verification that doesn’t require blood samples
DNA testing
what is DNA testing run from
hair from mane or tail hairs, or nasal swab
