unit 2: i hate you

Question 1

Radiation

Answer 1

the emission of short waves and long
waves; as the Sun is a very hot body, most of its
radiation is in the form of very short wavelengths such
as ultraviolet and visible light

Question 2

Convection

Answer 2

the transfer of
heat by the movement of a
gas or liquid.

Question 3

Conduction

Answer 3

the transfer of heat by contact.

Question 4

Of the short-wave radiation which

reaches the ground (46 units):

Answer 4

-14 are re-radiated as
long-wave radiation to the
atmosphere and to space
• 10 units pass to the
atmosphere by conduction
(contract heating) or the
lower atmosphere only –
since air is a poor conductor
of heat
• 22 units are transferred by
latent heat – the heat energy
used by a substance change
form but not temperature; for example, water is
evaporated into the atmosphere, and releases heat
on condensation)

Question 5

Since the atmosphere only absorbs 23 units of short-wave

radiation the atmosphere is largely heated from below

Answer 5

• 46% is absorbed by the earth
• 22% drives the hydrological cycle
• 1% powers the winds and ocean currents
• 31% is reflected to space

Question 6

Type of radiation emitted from the sun

Answer 6

Short Wave

Question 7

Type of radiation re emitted from the earth

Answer 7

Long wave

Question 8

The greenhouse effect

Answer 8

The greenhouse effect is the process by which certain
gases (greenhouse gases) allow short-wave, solar
radiation to pass through the atmosphere but trap
a proportion of outgoing long-wave radiation from
the Earth. This radiation leads to a warming of the
atmosphere. The greenhouse effect is a good thing, for
without it there would be no life on Earth. For example,
the moon is an airless planet that is almost the same
distance from the Sun as the Earth. Average temperatures
on the moon are about –18°C compared with about
15°C on Earth. The Earth’s atmosphere therefore raises
temperatures by about 33°C.

Question 9

types of greenhouse gas

Answer 9

Water Vapour
Methane
CO2
CFCs

Question 10

CO2 facts

Answer 10

315ppm in 1950 to 400ppm in 2015

Question 11

Albedo

Answer 11

Higher percentage = higher reflection
Snow is highest
Asphalt is the lowest