Unit 2 history Flashcards
Government
Depending on what country a person is from “any group of people living together in a country,state,city,and local community that have to live by certain rules”
a government can be a massive system that encompasses a great number of institutions and leaders.
Democracy
In democracy,citizens hold political power in two basic types.
Direct Democracy
In direct democracy,there are no representatives.Citizens directly make political decisions in governing the country.
Most modern day countries are too large to use direct democracy.
Representative Democracy
In representative democracy,citizens elect representatives to make decisions for them in government.
Representative democracy considers the issues,work to find solutions,pass laws,and do all of the other things necessary to keep the country going.
Oligarchy
In an oligarchy,a small group of people have all the power over the community.
“Oligarchy is a Greek word meaning “rule by a few.”
Sometimes this means only a certain type of people can have political rights,like a certain social class,political party,and race.
Autocracy
In a autocracy is when one person has all the power.There are two types of autocracy.
Monarchy
In a monarchy,a King or a Queen rules the country.
The current King or queens’s oldest child becomes the next King or Queen.
In some monarchies,the monarch holds the final say over the government.
Often they are also subject to the country’s constitution.
Dictatorship
Form of government where one leader has absolute control over citizens’ lives
If there is a constitution,the dictator has control over that,too-so it doesn’t mean much.
Anarchy
In an anarchy,nobody is in control everyone is depending on how you look at it.
Anarchy is used to describe an out of control mob.
Today,people call themselves anarchists
Theocracy
A government that recognizes God or a divine being as the ultimate authority.
A theocracy can also be a democracy,dictatorship,monarchy,or just about any other kind of government
For example the Vatican is under Catholic laws.
Tribe
A tribe is a collection of families headed by one male or female of the community.
matriarchal
When a tribe is rules by elderly females of the community.
BC
Before Christ
BCE
Before Common Era
patriarchal
A patriarchal is when a tribe is lead by elder male figures in the community.
AD
Anno Domini
CE
Common Era
Buddhism
Buddhism originated in India in 500 BCE and first came to China during the Han dynasty.
This religion focuses on inner peace and escaping suffering.
Confucianism
Confucianism originated in ancient China.This religion focuses on social philosophy
Sui Dynasty
The Sui Dynasty was the reuniting of China under one rule again in the years 581-618 AD
Period of Disunion
The disconnection of northern and southern China in 220 to 589 AD
Hierachy
any system of people or things ranked one above another.
Feudalism
Feudalism is the name for a type of political and military system in which people gave military and other services to a noble person called a lord in return for protection and the use of land.
Middle ages
From the 400’s to the 1400’s were considered the middle ages which is also the peak of European history.
Christianity
The beautiful religion focused on the teachings of Jesus of Nazareth
knight
A knight is someone who promised that all there loyalty and support would go to the the King,Queen,or the noble above him in the hierarchy.
serf
Serfs are are peasants who own land but worked the land owned by nobles and knights and were given protection by on the estate.
Mongols
Central Asian empire between the years 1270-1309 stretching all the way from Asia to Eastern Europe.
Yasa
the oral law the Mongols used to communicate.
Yang Jian
Yang Jian also known as Emperor Wen was the first emperor of the Sui Dynasty .
Genghis Khan
Leader and founder of the Mongol empire
Kublai Khan
Kublai Khan was the grandson of Genghis Khan
Kublai Khan was the fifth empire from 1260-1294
He was known for his development in political theory
Mughals
The Mughal Empire stretched from Afghanistan,Pakistan,and the Indian subcontinent between 1526 to 1857
Taj Mahal
The Taj Mahal was built by emperor Shah Jahan in memory of his wife Mumtaz Mahal built in 1632-1648 AD.
Babur
Babur founded the Mughal Empire and was mostly remembered as a strong Islam follower,able to fight of advances,and maintain his rule.
Akbar
Akbar was Babur’s great grandson who expanded territories and secured the throne during the peak of the Mughal Empire.He was most respected for letting all religions co-exist with each other and for his great communication skills.
checks and balances
Checks and balances are used to make sure things stay balanced in the government.
Shah Jahan
Shah Jahan was famously known for constructing the Taj Mahal a tomb built for his wife.The Taj Mahal brought together Indian,Persian,and Islamic styles.
Jahangir
Jahangir was the 4th emperor of the Mughals and unsuccessfully revolted against Akbar in 1599.He was most famous for establishing the Gold Chain of Justice.He was also known for being an alcoholic,fluent opium user,and brutally inflicting the Sikhs.He died in 1627.
Aurangzeb
Aurangzeb was born November 3,1618.He was known as a extreme Islam follower with intolerance to other religions in the empire.He was a strategist and government administrator.
Veto
to not allow something to pass
