Unit 2 - Fundamental Skills Review

Question 1

Atoms vs. molecules

Answer 1

an atom is the smallest particle of an element while a molecule is formed by the combination of two or more atoms;
molecules can be formed of the same or varying types of atoms

Question 2

Empirical vs. molecular formula

Answer 2

empirical formula = simplest whole number ratio of atoms relative to one another;
molecular formula = actual ratio of atoms

Question 3

Formula mass vs. molecular mass

Answer 3

formula mass = the sum of the atomic weights of the atoms in its empirical formula;
molecular mass = average mass as calculated by adding together the atomic weights of the atoms in the molecular formula

Question 4

Formula unit vs. molecule

Answer 4

formula unit = indicates the lowest whole number ratio of ions in an ionic compound;
molecule = composed of two are more elements that are covalently bonded

Question 5

Extensive properties

Answer 5

Depend on how much matter you have;

mass, volume, heat capacity

Question 6

Intensive properties

Answer 6

Inherent to the matter;

temperature, density, pressure, concentration, specific heat capacity

Question 7

Solvent

Answer 7

solution component in which one or more solutes are dissolved

Question 8

Solute

Answer 8

solution component that dissolves in a solvent

Question 9

Solution

Answer 9

mixture of elements and/or compounds that has a uniform composition and properties within a sample

Question 10

Molarity

Answer 10

solution concentration expressed as the amount of solute, in moles, divided by the mass of solvent, in kg

Question 11

Absolute zero of temperature

Answer 11

temperature where there is no absolutely no movement in the particles of a substance;
equal to 0 K or -273.15 degrees Celsius

Question 12

Isotope mass and global warming

Answer 12

climate proxy = preserved physical characteristic of the past;
measuring isotopes of oxygen ratios in ice cores lets us measure past world temperatures;
due to the fact of varying isotope abundance