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AP Human Geography > Unit 2 Exam > Flashcards

Unit 2 Exam Flashcards

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1
Q

Demographic Transition

A

The change in population characteristics of a country to reflect medical technology and social development.

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2
Q

Stage 1 - DTM

A
  • High CBR : Agricultural Society
  • High CDR : plagues, famine, & war
  • Low NIR
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3
Q

Stage 2 - DTM

A
  • High CBR
  • Declining CDR : Industrial Revolution - agricultural & medical improvements
  • High NIR
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4
Q

Stage 3 - DTM

A
  • Declining CBR : urbanization, wealth, education, contraceptives
  • Low CDR
  • Low NIR
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5
Q

Stage 4 - DTM

A
  • Low CBR : low TFR
  • Low CDR
  • Very Low NIR
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6
Q

Hypothetical Stage 5 - DTM

A

Negative Increase Rate and Population Growth

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7
Q

Stage 1 - ETM

A
  • epidemics : infectious diseases; famine

example - black death

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8
Q

Stage 2 - ETM

A
  • receding pandemics

example : Cholera

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9
Q

Stage 3 - ETM

A
  • Degenerative Diseases (human created)

example : Cardiovascular disease and Cancer

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10
Q

Stage 4 - ETM

A
  • Delayed Degenerative Diseases

example : cancer, Alzheimers, diabetes

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11
Q

Stage 5 ? - ETM

A
  • Reemerging infectious diseases

examples : Malaria, Ebola, Aids, TB

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12
Q

Thomas Malthus Assumptions

A
  • Food is necessary for survival

- humans will always make babies

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13
Q

TM conclusions

A
  • population grows faster than food supply
    ~ food increases arithmetically : certain amount of arable : land available - limits food supply
    ~ population increases geometrically : this impacts economics and public policy
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14
Q

Positive Checks

A
  • raises the death rate

- wars, famine, and disease

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15
Q

Preventive Checks

A
  • lower the birth rate

- abstinence, birth control, celibacy

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16
Q

Critcisms of Malthus

A
  • food increases with technology : fertilizer, pesticides, tools
  • Science = agriculture
  • Increased labor force = more ideas to improve society
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17
Q

Modern Results

A
  • WP doubled in the 2nd half of the 20th century
  • Calorie intake increased
  • much of Malthus had been discredited
18
Q

Migration

A

The long term relocation of an individual to a new location outside the community of origin.

19
Q

Push Factor

A

factors that cause locals to leave their place of residence

20
Q

Pull Factor

A

draws/attracts a migrant to a place

21
Q

Wilbur Kelinsky

A

Migration Transition Model

22
Q

Stage 1 - MTM

A
  • daily/seasonal migration for food
23
Q

Stage 2 - MTM

A
  • Mass international migration begins

- improved farming = decrease in workers

24
Q

Stage 3 & 4 - MTM

A
  • International migration continues
25
Q

Internal Migration

A

cities to suburbs

26
Q

Stage 5 - MTM

A

back to cities?

27
Q

Brain Drain

A

large scale emigration by talented people : problem in the middle east - shortage of professionals and laborers

28
Q

emigration

A

exit

29
Q

immigration

A

enter

30
Q

guest workers

A
  • europe and middle east
  • protected by host country laws
  • perform low skills jobs
31
Q

refugee

A

a person forced out of their home because of political persecution - not due to enslavement

32
Q

quota

A

maximum limits

33
Q

Internally Displaced Person

A

basically the same as refugee, but doesn’t move across an international border

34
Q

Asylum Speaker

A

someone who has migrated to another country in hopes of being recognized as refugee.

35
Q

foodplain

A

an area subject to flooding during a specific number of years

36
Q

Remittance

A

the transfer of $ by workers to people in the country from which they emigrated.

37
Q

Unauthorized Immigrant

A

someone who is entering without proper documents

38
Q

chain migration

A

you move to the place your relative moved to previously

39
Q

circular migration

A

temporary movement of a migrant worker between home and host countries to seek employment

40
Q

arithmetic density

A

total number of objects in an area

41
Q

physiological density

A

of people supported by a unit of arable land

42
Q

agricultural density

A

ratio of the # of farmers to the amount of arable land

AP Human Geography (3 decks)

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