UNIT 2 CULTURE MEDIA

Question 1

the study of microorganisms such as
bacteria, protozoa, fungi and similar organisms that
can’t be seen with the naked eye.

Answer 1

Microbiology

Question 2

The need to study
these minute organisms started when scientists
discovered the association of microbes to specific

Answer 2

Diseases

Question 3

increase in cell number through binary fission

Answer 3

Microbial Growth

Question 4

cell simply splits into two cells, producing two identical cells

Answer 4

Binary Fission

Question 5

time required for a cell to divide, and its population to double

Answer 5

Generation Time

Question 6

cells form an initial outgrowth (a bud) that enlarges its size until it approaches that of a parent cell, and
then it separates

Answer 6

Budding

Question 7

microbes that grow and multiply in or on a culture medium

Answer 7

Culture

Question 8

a group of descendants of an original cell

Answer 8

Colony

Question 9

aka axenic; contains a single microbial species

Answer 9

Pure Culture

Question 10

PSYCHROPHILES

Answer 10

− sensitive to
temperatures over
20˚C
− optimum growth at
15˚C or below

Question 11

− sensitive to
temperatures over
20˚C
− optimum growth at
15˚C or below

Answer 11

PSYCHROPHILES

Question 12

PSYCHROTROPHS

Answer 12

optimum growth at
20˚C to 30˚C

Question 13

optimum growth at
20˚C to 30˚C

Answer 13

PSYCHROTROPHS

Question 14

MESOPHILES

Answer 14

optimum growth at
25˚C to 40˚C

Question 15

optimum growth at
25˚C to 40˚C

Answer 15

MESOPHILES

Question 16

THERMOPHILES

Answer 16

optimum growth at
50˚C to 60˚C

Question 17

optimum growth at
50˚C to 60˚C

Answer 17

THERMOPHILES

Question 18

Extreme
Thermophiles

Answer 18

grow at 80˚C or
higher

Question 19

ACIDOPHILES

Answer 19

− grow at very low pH (0.1 to
5.4)
− Lactobacillus acidophilus

Question 20

NEUTROPHILES

Answer 20

grow at pH 5.4 to 8.5

Lye water

Question 21

− grow at very low pH (0.1 to
5.4)
− Lactobacillus acidophilus

Answer 21

ACIDOPHILES

Question 22

grow at pH 5.4 to 8.5

Lye water

Answer 22

NEUTROPHILES

Question 23

ALKALIPHILES

Answer 23

− grow at high pH (7 to 12)
− Vibrio cholerae

Question 24

require very high salt conc. 20 to 30%

aka extreme halophiles

Answer 24

OBLIGATE HALOPHILES

Question 25

OBLIGATE HALOPHILES

Answer 25

require very high salt conc. 20 to 30%

aka extreme halophiles

Question 26

do not require high salt conc. for growth
− tolerates 2-15% salt concentration

Answer 26

FACULTATIVE HALOPHILES

Question 27

FACULTATIVE HALOPHILES

Answer 27

do not require high salt conc. for growth
− tolerates 2-15% salt concentration

Question 28

− organisms which derive energy from organic
carbon sources
− may need to consume other living organisms to
live

Answer 28

CHEMOHETEROTROPHS

Question 29

CHEMOHETEROTROPHS

Answer 29

− organisms which derive energy from organic
carbon sources
− may need to consume other living organisms to
live

Question 30

CHEMOAUTOTROPHS

Answer 30

organisms which use inorganic energy sources to
synthesize organic compounds
− primary carbon source is carbon dioxide

Question 31

NITROGEN

Answer 31

− makes up 14% of
dry cell weight
− Sources: proteins,
ammonium,
nitrogen gas,
nitrates

Question 32

UUL DANCE TROOP

Answer 32

used to form
proteins and some
vitamins
− Sources: proteins,
hydrogen sulfide,
sulfates

Question 33

used to form
proteins and some
vitamins
− Sources: proteins,
hydrogen sulfide,
sulfates

Answer 33

SULFUR