Unit 2-Control And Communication

Question 1

Central Nervous System (CNS) is made of?

Answer 1

The brain and spinal cord

Question 2

Name structures 1, 2 and 3 of the human brain as labelled in the diagram

Answer 2

1. Cerebrum
2. Cerebellum
3. Medulla

Question 3

Part of the brain responsible for conscious thought, emotions and memory

Answer 3

Cerebrum

Question 4

Area of the brain which controls balance and muscle co-ordination

Answer 4

Cerebellum

Question 5

Part of the brain that controls the heart and breathing rate

Answer 5

Medulla

Question 6

Fast response to danger

Answer 6

Reflex Action

Question 7

Neuron that carries electrical impulses from a receptor to the CNS

Answer 7

Sensory neuron

Question 8

Neuron that connect neurons within the CNS

Answer 8

Inter neurons

Question 9

Neuron that carries an electrical impulse from the CNS to a muscle or a gland

Answer 9

Motor neuron

Question 10

The order of neurons in a reflex arc

Answer 10

Sensory → Inter → Motor

Question 11

A tiny gap between two neurons

Answer 11

Synapse

Question 12

Carries a message across a synapse from one neuron to the next

Answer 12

Chemical messenger

Question 13

Glands that make and release hormones

Answer 13

Endocrine glands

Question 14

Transports hormones from an endocrine gland to a target organ

Answer 14

Blood / Blood vessels

Question 15

Protein on the surface of a target cell that is complementary to a hormone

Answer 15

Receptor

Question 16

Cell that has a protein receptor that recognises a hormone

Answer 16

Target cell

Question 17

Organ that detects a change in blood glucose

Answer 17

Pancreas

Question 18

Hormone released by the pancreas in response to an increase in blood glucose

Answer 18

Insulin

Question 19

Hormone released by the pancreas in response to a decrease in blood glucose

Answer 19

Glucagon

Question 20

Molecule made in liver by joining together many glucose molecules

Answer 20

Glycogen

Question 21

Organ that stores glucose as glycogen

Answer 21

Liver

Question 22

Term for the control of blood glucose concentration

Answer 22

Regulation

Question 23

Health condition due to the failure to release or respond to insulin

Answer 23

Diabetes

Question 24

Two common types of diabetes

Answer 24

Type 1 and 2

Question 25

Compare causes of type 1 and type 2 diabetes

Answer 25

Type 1-lack of insulin production
Type 2-body fails to respond to diabetes

Question 26

Compare typical ages of onset of type 1 and type 2 diabetes

Answer 26

Type 1 Childhood
Type 2 Adulthood

Question 27

Compare typical treatments of type 1 and type 2 diabetes

Answer 27

Type 1 insulin injections
Type 2 controlled diet and increased exercise