Unit 2 Concepts

Question 1

supra-level design

Answer 1

“top-down,” general material structure of the document: the kind, shape, size, and color of paper—or whatever material(s)—it is printed on, how it is intended to be distributed

Question 2

extra-level design

Answer 2

refers to how visuals are placed on the page—their relation to each other as well as their relation to the textual, non-visual elements of the page

Question 3

inter-level design

Answer 3

about text, and text alone; it is concerned with helping readers comprehend texts fields and their relationship to each other—from line to line, paragraph to paragraph, column to column, and so on

Question 4

intra-level design

Answer 4

only about text, it deals with all the “local variations of text, character by character, word by word

Question 5

grid

Answer 5

a plan for the underlying structure of a page, used as a guide in design

Question 6

white space

Answer 6

blank space in the page, it helps readers to see how a page is organized and how its information is “chunked”

Question 7

live area

Answer 7

the area of a page where text and visuals will appear, as defined by the page’s outside margins

Question 8

text field

Answer 8

any area on the page where text is unified in function and purpose

Question 9

alleys

Answer 9

spaces between columns

Question 10

header

Answer 10

Identifying information carried at the top of each page

Question 11

footer

Answer 11

Identifying information carried at the bottom of each page

Question 12

heading

Answer 12

Text set apart to indicate the beginning of a section of text

Question 13

captions

Answer 13

identifying or explanatory information appearing adjacent to a visual within a document

Question 14

rules

Answer 14

vertical or horizontal lines used to divide one area of the page from another

Question 15

justification

Answer 15

the alignment of lines of text on the page (either left, right, or full justify)

Question 16

widow

Answer 16

A word or portion of a word appearing alone in a page’s final line of text

Question 17

orphan

Answer 17

A word or portion of a word appearing alone at the beginning of the first line of text at the top of a new page

Question 18

typography

Answer 18

art and process of arranging type in order to make language visible

Question 19

legibility

Answer 19

the ability to distinguish recognizable characters as text

Question 20

readability

Answer 20

the ability to

connect recognizable characters and comprehend them as larger verbal units (like words)

Question 21

font

Answer 21

a complete set of all the characters available in one typeface

Question 22

style

Answer 22

refers to all the possible modifications to a base font face, such as bold, italic, and underline

Question 23

point

Answer 23

a unit used in measuring line height and length. Twelve points equal one pica.

Question 24

pica

Answer 24

a unit used in measuring line height and length. Six picas equal one inch

Question 25

leading

Answer 25

the space between lines of text

Question 26

tracking

Answer 26

the space between all the characters in a line of text

Question 27

kerning

Answer 27

refers more specifically to the space between pairs of characters

Question 28

serifs

Answer 28

projections at the ends of letters

Question 29

sans serifs

Answer 29

letters without projections at the end

Question 30

word space

Answer 30

the standardized space between words set in a particular font, usually equivalent to the size of the letter “i” in that font

Question 31

rivers

Answer 31

lines of white space that weave through the lines of a paragraph and are visually disorienting to readers

Question 32

monoweight

Answer 32

A font in which all of the strokes of the letters have the same thickness or weight–no thick/thin contrast

Question 33

ascenders

Answer 33

strokes above the x-height

Question 34

descenders

Answer 34

strokes below the x-height

Question 35

baseline

Answer 35

the line on which the type is set–barring descenders

Question 36

x-height

Answer 36

the height of the bulk of the letter–anything that is not an ascender or decender

Question 37

point size

Answer 37

the height of the ascender + x-height + descender

Question 38

crossbar

Answer 38

the strike across the lowercase e

Question 39

counter

Answer 39

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