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American Government: 2017 > Unit 2: Chapter 7 > Flashcards

Unit 2: Chapter 7 Flashcards

1
Q

What is the swapping of political support for a government job?

A

Patronage

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2
Q

What is merit ?

A

The ability to do a job

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3
Q

What President was assassinated supposedly for his support of patronage ?

A

James A. Garfield

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4
Q

Who took over after Garfield and passed the Pendleton Act of 1833?

A

Chester Arthur

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5
Q

What act created the Civil Service Commission ?

A

The Pendleton Act of 1833

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6
Q

What is the New Deal?

A

A collection of legislative proposals aimed at providing socialist beliefs such as government-financed pensions and health care

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7
Q

What are the three parts of the federal bureaucracy and how they are defined ?

A
  1. Departments - closest to the President
  2. Independent Agencies - perform a single function or regulate some aspect of society
  3. Government Corporations - the businesses of the federal government
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8
Q

What are the main units of the departments ?

A

Bureaus

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9
Q

The heads of the Executive departments form what ?

A

The Cabinet

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10
Q

What are Department heads called ?

A

Secretaries

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11
Q

What Department does the attorney general preside over ?

A

The Department of Justice

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12
Q

What are most of the employees within the Executive departments called ?

A

Career civil servants

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13
Q

What is another name for an independent agency?

A

An agency

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14
Q

What are independent executive agencies ? Give two examples.

A

Agencies that tend to have a single function and report directly to the President.

  1. General Services Administration
  2. National Aeronautics and Space Administration
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15
Q

What are Independent Regulatory Agencies ? Give two examples.

A

Agencies that have been created by Congress to regulate some area of American life.

  1. Interstate Commerce Commission
  2. Equal Employment Opportunity Commission
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16
Q

What are some agencies that have been created within the Executive department ?

A
  1. International Revenue Service

2. Occupational Safety and Health Administration

17
Q

What are statutory laws ?

A

Laws created by legislatures

18
Q

What are slip laws ?

A

The first legal statutory publications

19
Q

In what publication are the lip laws bound ?

A

U. S. Statues at Large

20
Q

What is the process of rule-making called ?

A

Regulation

21
Q

Where are proposed rules published ?

A

The Federal Register

22
Q

Where are the regulations organized by title ?

A

The Code of Federal Regulations

23
Q

What is a government corporation ?

A

A public company that operates a quasi-business enterprise

A.K.A. Corporations or Authorities

24
Q

What was the first government corporation ?

A

The Tennessee Valley Authority

25
Q

What are two other Government Corporations ?

A
  1. Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation

2. United States Postal Service

26
Q

Who are a special group of judges who preside over informal, little-publicized cases arising out of agency decisions ? What are they sometimes referred to as ?

A

Administrative-law Judges

“Hidden Judiciary”

27
Q

What is one area of American life that is seriously threatened ?

A

The Free Enterprise System

28
Q

What is an agency that has been especially burdensome to businesses ?

A

The Environmental Protection Agency

29
Q

What is deficit spending ?

A

Spending more than one receives

30
Q

What are three ways Congress could begin to reform the bureaucracy ?

A
  1. Reorganization
  2. Reduction
  3. Reform
31
Q

What are the best known reorganizational commissions referred to as ?

A

The Hoover Commissions

32
Q

What Commission did President Reagan authorize to investigate how the bureaucracy might be reformed ?

A

The Grace Commission

33
Q

What is deregulation ?

A

The process of reducing the number of regulations

34
Q

What is discretionary authority ?

A

The authority Congress gives the agencies to make decisions regarding the public in areas that Congress has not specifically addressed.

35
Q

What is the process of returning decision-making to the state and local governments ?

A

The Revival of Federalism

36
Q

What is a bureaucracy ?

A

A large, complex organization made up of appointed officials

American Government: 2017 (7 decks)

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