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American Government: 2017 > Unit 2: Chapter 4 > Flashcards

Unit 2: Chapter 4 Flashcards

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1
Q

What are charters?

A

They emphasized the relationship between the king and the colonies.

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2
Q

What did most states use as their state constitutions ?

A

Their royal charters

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3
Q

What was the only state to use a convention to promote the state constitution?

A

Massachusetts

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4
Q

Throughout the War for Independence, what acted as the national government ?

A

The Second Continental Congress

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5
Q

What was America’s first national constitution ?

A

The Articles of Confederation

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6
Q

What is a confederacy ?

A

The central government is subordinate to state governments and has only the powers which they grant it.

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7
Q

What was the only branch of government the Articles called for ?

A

Legislative

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8
Q

During the years of the Articles of Confederation, what two major accomplishments did the Confederate Congress achieve ?

A
  1. Concluding the Treaty of Paris

2. Western Lands

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9
Q

What did the Land Ordinance of 1785 provide for ?

A

The surveying of western lands in the Northwest Territory and the orderly sale of that land to settlers.

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10
Q

What did the Northwest Ordinance of 1787 provide ?

A

A plan of government for the Northwest Territory

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11
Q

What were the weaknesses of the Articles of Confederation?

A
  1. At least nine states had to approve any measure before it could be passed by Congress.
  2. The Articles provided for no executive or judicial branches of government.
  3. The Articles did not grant Congress the power to tax.
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12
Q

What event put the fear of anarchy into the hearts of many Americans ?

A

Shay’s Rebellion

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13
Q

What was the purpose of the meeting at Mount Vernon ?

A

To work out the differences over commercial navigation on the Potomac River and the Chesapeake Bay.

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14
Q

What convention in Philadelphia was called for the purpose of revising the articles of confederation and what year was this meeting held?

A

The Constitutional Convention in 1787

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15
Q

How many delegates attended the Constitutional Convention ?

A

55

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16
Q

Who were the two most famous Americans to attend the Convention?

A

George Washington and Benjamin Franklin

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17
Q

Who is known as the “Father of the Constitution”?

A

James Madison

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18
Q

Who put all of the conventions resolutions and decisions into final form and literally wrote in the final draft of the document?

A

Gouverneur Morris

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19
Q

Who was the youngest delegate ?

A

Jonathan Dayton

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20
Q

Where did the Constitutional Convention convene ?

A

Independence Hall

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21
Q

What is a federal system?

A

A system that has areas of authority divided between the states and the national government

22
Q

What is a republican system ?

A

A system with officials chosen to represent the people and the states

23
Q

Who called for the Virginia Plan ?

What type of legislature did the Virginia Plan call for ?

A

James Madison

Bicameral Government

24
Q

Who proposes the Albany Plan? What type of legislature did it call for ?

A

William Patterson

Unicameral

25
Q

What was the compromise that was accepted ?
What type of legislature did this plan have ?
What were/was the name/names of the Upper and lower houses ?

A
  • The Connecticut Compromise
  • Bicameral
  • The Senate and the House of Representatives
26
Q

What compromise determined the portion of slaves that would be taxed ?

A

The Three-Fifths Compromise

27
Q

What compromise agreed that Congress could regulate interstate and foreign commerce and trade with the Indians but could not levy export taxes?

A

The Commerce and Slave Trade Compromise

28
Q

Who favored the new constitution ?

A

The Federalists

29
Q

Who did not favor the new constitution ?

A

The Anti-Federalists

30
Q

Who wrote the Federalist papers ?

A

James Madison, John Jay, and Alexander Hamilton

31
Q

The new constitution lacked what ?

A

A Bill of Rights

32
Q

What was the temporary capital of America ?

A

New York City

33
Q

When did the new government begin to function?

A

When George Washington was inaugurated in the spring of 1789.

34
Q

What does the word preamble mean?

A

Introduction

35
Q

What are the six purposes states in the Preamble ?

A
  1. To form a more perfect union.
  2. To establish justice
  3. To ensure domestic tranquility
  4. To provide for the common defense
  5. To promote the general welfare
  6. To secure the blessings of liberty to ourselves and our posterity
36
Q

What is a form of government in which voters elect others to represent them in government ?

A

A republic

37
Q

What is federalism ?

A

A division of the power of government between the national government and the state government’s.

38
Q

What were the three limits on tyrannical power ?

A
  1. Federalism
  2. Separation of powers
  3. Checks and Balances
39
Q

What are the powers that have been given to the national government and the state governments ?

A

Delegated powers

40
Q

What are powers that are not given to the national government by the Constitution or prohibited by the Constitution ?

A

Reserved powers

41
Q

What powers are given to both national and state governments ?

A

Concurrent powers

42
Q

What happens in Separation of Powers?

A

Political power is separated among three political institutions

43
Q

Who provided the idea for separation of powers?

A

Charles de Montesquieu

44
Q

What are the three branches of government and what do they do?

A
  1. Legislative - makes the laws
  2. Executive - carries out or executes the laws
  3. Judicial - interprets the laws according to the Constitution
45
Q

What does “checks and balances” mean ?

A

A system where by each branch of government exercises a measure of control over the other branches in an effort to balance the power within the national government.

46
Q

What do Articles 1-3 describe ?

A

The legislative, executive, and judicial branches and how the members of the three branches of the federal government are chosen, how long they shall serve, and what qualifications they must have for office.

47
Q

What does Article 4 describe ?

A

The federal relationship among the states and between the national government and the states

48
Q

What did Article 5 say ?

A

Provides for making amendments

49
Q

What did Article 6 say?

A

Establishes the constitution as the supreme law of the land

50
Q

What does Article 7 say?

A

It sets forth the manner in which the constitution was to be ratified.

51
Q

What document was known as the forerunner of the written constitution in America ?

A

The Mayflower Compact

American Government: 2017 (7 decks)

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