Unit 1: Chapter 3

Question 1

What was the greatest influence on the development of English law and government ?

Answer 1

The Bible

Question 2

What two men translated the Bible into the English language ?

Answer 2

John Wycliffe and William Tyndale

Question 3

What is common law ?

Answer 3

A non-codified form of law based on long-accepted customs and traditions

Question 4

Who prefaced his edition of the English law code with the Ten Commandments ?

Answer 4

Alfred the Great

Question 5

What is Henry Braxton called ?

Answer 5

“Father of the Common Law”

Question 6

Who wrote “Institutes of the Common Law” ?

Answer 6

Sir Edward Coke

Question 7

Who wrote “Commentaries on the Laws of England” ?

Answer 7

Sir William Blackstone

Question 8

What did King Henry II lay the foundation for ?

Answer 8

Trial by jury

Question 9

What is trial by jury ?

Answer 9

A man is judged guilty or not guilty by a group of his peers

Question 10

What trials did trial by jury take the place of ?

Answer 10

1. Trial by ordeal

2. Trial by combat

Question 11

What is limited representative government ?

Answer 11

1. The king’s power was limited

2. This limitation led to the development of representative government

Question 12

What did the Anglo-Saxon kings govern through ?

Answer 12

The Witan

Question 13

What were the two bodies in the Witan ?

Answer 13

1. Great Council

2. King’s Court

Question 14

What happened by the year 1265?

Answer 14

Meetings of the Great Council were being referred to as Parliament

Question 15

Who was in charge of the first meeting of government, the beginning of representative government in England ?

Answer 15

Simon de Montfort

Question 16

Who developed Model Parliament and when?

Answer 16

Edward I in 1295

Question 17

What were the two divisions of Parliament ?

Answer 17

The House of Lords - the upper house

The House of Commons - the lower house

Question 18

Who signed the Magna Carta in what year ?

Answer 18

King John in 1215

Question 19

What did Parliament become ?

Answer 19

The model for the colonies legislatures in America and for the U. S. Congress.

Question 20

Who was forced to sign the Petition of Right which reaffirmed certain English liberties ?

Answer 20

Charles I

Question 21

What bill strictly limited the English monarch’s power ?

Answer 21

The English Bill of Rights of 1689

Question 22

What document did not establish a civil government but expressed the desire of a people that a civil government be established ?

Answer 22

The Mayflower Compact

Question 23

What was a royal colony?

Answer 23

A colony that was a part of the king’s domain and was directly under his control

Question 24

What was a proprietary colony ?

Answer 24

A colony that the king had granted to his proprietor

Question 25

What two colonies were self-governing ?

Answer 25

Rhode Island and Connecticut

Question 26

What is a charter ?

Answer 26

A document issued by the crown which established the relationship between the king and his subjects

Question 27

Give two examples of attempts by the New England colonies to conform colonial law to biblical law.

Answer 27

The Massachusetts Body of Liberties | New Haven Colony Laws

Question 28

What is a higher law ?

Answer 28

A law above the law

Question 29

What was the first representative assembly in the colonies ?

Answer 29

The House of Burgesses

Question 30

What does bicameral mean ?

Answer 30

Composed of two houses

Question 31

What does unicameral mean ?

Answer 31

One house

Question 32

What were the two houses in a bicameral legislature ? Which was more powerful ?

Answer 32

1. The Upper and lower houses | 2. The lower house

Question 33

What was the main unit of government in the New England colonies ?

Answer 33

The town

Question 34

What was the town meeting system ?

Answer 34

Through it, local citizens assembled periodically to become the chief lawmaking body for their town.

Question 35

What was the local unit of government in the southern states ?

Answer 35

A county

Question 36

What was the Great Awakening ?

Answer 36

The spiritual revival which swept the American colonies between 1730 and 1760

Question 37

Who were two great preachers from the Great Awakening ?

Answer 37

Johnathan Edwards and George Whitefield

Question 38

What was the first attempt at political unity among the colonies ?

Answer 38

The New England Confederation

Question 39

What Plan did Benjamin Franklin propose ?

Answer 39

The Albany Plan

Question 40

What English king was determined to restore the power of the monarchy by supporting men in Parliament who would vote as he directed ?

Answer 40

George III

Question 41

Who were allies of the Americans in the British Parliament ?

Answer 41

William Pitt and Edmund Burk

Question 42

According to the Stamp Act Congress, why were the colonists not under the authority of Parliament?

Answer 42

It was because they were not represented in Parliament.

Question 43

What protested the stamp act and other British regulations which the colonists felt were illegal ?

Answer 43

The Declaration of Rights and Grievances

Question 44

What were the "Intolerable Acts"?

Answer 44

A series of laws to punish the colonists

Question 45

What governing body pledged the loyalty of the colonists to the Crown but protested Parliamentary interference with American rights ?

Answer 45

The First Continental Congress

Question 46

What was America's first central government ?

Answer 46

The Second Continental Congress

Question 47

What act cut off trade between the colonies and England and removed the the colonies from the "King's Protection "?

Answer 47

The Prohibitory Act

Question 48

Who said that the United States ought to declare independence ?

Answer 48

Richard Harvey Lee

Question 49

Who was the chairman of the committee ? What year was the document signed ? What document declared America's independence ?

Answer 49

1. Thomas Jefferson 2. July 4, 1776 3. Declaration of Independence