Unit 2 - Cell Cycle (Mitosis) Flashcards
What happens during Interphase?
The cell grows and develops/ the chromosomes are copied
What happens during Prophase?
The chromosomes condense so they become visible. The nuclear membrane/envelope disappears. (nucleolus disappears)
What happens during Metaphase?
The spindle fibers attach to the chromosomes then the chromosomes line up across the equator/middle of the cell.
What happens during Anaphase?
The chromosomes divide into two sets. Each half/set is pulled away to the opposite sides of the cell. (sister chromatids are called chromosomes when they seperate)
What happens during Telophase?
Two nuclear membranes begin to form and the cell begins to seperate
What happens during Cytokinesis?
The cytoplasm divides and there are two daughter cells with the same number of chromosomes
What are the 4 phases of Mitosis?
Prophase, Metaphase, Anaphase, Telophase
What is the acronym for the 4 phases of Mitosis?
PMAT
What is Mitosis?
The process of cell division in which a parent (eukaryotic) cell divides to form two daughter (identical) cells.
Prophase =
Pair up
Metaphase =
Meet in the middle
Telophase =
Two new nuclei
Cytokinesis =
Cytoplasm separates
Is Cytokinesis a phase of Mitosis?
No, it is only the outcome/result of it
During which phase do the Sister Chromatids move to the opposite sides of the cells?
Anaphase
What phase do the nuclear membrane reappear around the new chromosome set?
Telophase
When are chromosomes (DNA) copied?
Interphase
What structures make the spindle fibers?
The centrosomes
What is Chromatin?
The protein found in eukaryotic cells
What are Sister Chromatids and when are they formed?
Two identical copies of the same chromosome that are joined together by a centrosome. They are formed during DNA replication.
Why are centrioles important in the cell cycle?
Because two centrioles together form an organelle called a centrosome.
How does a cell prepare to divide?
By growing, developing, and replicating the DNA
When do new nuclei form around the chromatin of the two new forming cells?
Telophase
